Awas Mohd, Ahmed Imtiaz, Ahmad Syed Mudasir, Al-Anazi Khalid Mashay, Farah Mohammad Abul, Bhat Basharat
Fish Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, India.
Division of Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Srinagar, India.
Front Genet. 2023 Jan 4;13:1047436. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1047436. eCollection 2022.
Traditionally, species of fish are identified based on morphological characteristics. Although these taxonomic descriptions are essential, there are cases where the morphological characters distinguishing these species show marginal differences. For instance, in the Poonch River in the Himalayas, there are 21 species, out of which some are morphologically similar, and the taxonomic distinction between these species is unclear. Therefore, in this study, we used sequences from two mitochondrial genes, Cytochrome b () and a larger ribosomal subunit (16S rRNA), as well as the morphological analysis to address any taxonomic ambiguities among the six fish species. Maximum Likelihood results revealed that all the species were clustered according to their families and genera. The phenotypic analysis also supported this statement, as all the species of different genera like , , , , and are grouped in their particular cluster, it shows that species of a separate class share a mutual morphological characteristic. While genetic analyses of these species suggest nucleotide diversity (p) and haplotype diversity, with Hd values as 0.644 for and 0.899 for 16S rRNA, confirming the rich genetic diversity in the river. Overall, we recommend that the integrative approach in delimiting the fish species is more effective than the individual one and can be used to rapidly diagnose a species and understand the evolutionary relationship between the species.
传统上，鱼类物种是根据形态特征来识别的。虽然这些分类描述至关重要，但在某些情况下，区分这些物种的形态特征存在细微差异。例如，在喜马拉雅山脉的蓬奇河中，有21个物种，其中一些在形态上相似，这些物种之间的分类区别并不明确。因此，在本研究中，我们使用了来自两个线粒体基因（细胞色素b（）和一个更大的核糖体亚基（16S rRNA））的序列，以及形态学分析来解决六种鱼类之间的任何分类模糊性。最大似然法结果显示，所有物种都根据其科属进行了聚类。表型分析也支持了这一说法，因为所有不同属的物种，如 、 、 、 和 都被归在它们各自的聚类中，这表明一个单独类别的物种具有共同的形态特征。而对这些物种的遗传分析表明存在核苷酸多样性（p）和单倍型多样性， 的Hd值为0.644，16S rRNA的Hd值为0.899，证实了该河流中丰富的遗传多样性。总体而言，我们建议在界定鱼类物种时，综合方法比单一方法更有效，可用于快速诊断物种并了解物种之间的进化关系。
