职业环境热损伤/疾病的特征：2011 至 2019 年职业伤害和疾病调查。
Characteristics of Occupational Environmental Heat Injuries/Illnesses: Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, 2011 to 2019.
机构信息
From the Public Health Program, School of Arts and Sciences, MCPHS University, Boston, Massachusetts (D.H.); and St. George University School of Medicine, St. George, Grenada (M.I.).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2023 May 1;65(5):401-406. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002794. Epub 2023 Jan 18.
OBJECTIVE
This study describes the characteristics of workers experiencing occupational heat-related injuries/illnesses in the United States and explores the associations between states' average annual temperatures and heat-related injury/illness rates.
METHODS
The number and rate of occupational environmental heat injuries/illnesses were calculated according to age group, gender, race/ethnicity, occupation group, and state from 2011 to 2019.
RESULTS
Injury/illness rates were higher among Black and Hispanic workers. Workers in farming, fishing, and forestry; installation, maintenance, and repair; and construction/extraction occupations had the highest rates. There was a positive correlation between states' average annual temperatures and heat-related injury/illness rates.
DISCUSSION
There are demographic and occupational disparities in occupational environmental heat-related injuries/illnesses in the United States and a correlation between these injuries/illnesses and state average annual temperatures. There is a need for policies and other interventions to protect workers from occupational environmental heat injuries/illnesses.
目的
本研究描述了美国职业性热相关伤害/疾病工人的特征，并探讨了各州平均年温度与热相关伤害/疾病发生率之间的关系。
方法
根据年龄组、性别、种族/民族、职业群体和州，计算了 2011 年至 2019 年职业环境热伤害/疾病的数量和发生率。
结果
黑人和西班牙裔工人的伤害/疾病发生率较高。在农业、渔业和林业；安装、维护和修理；以及建筑/开采职业的工人的发病率最高。各州的平均年温度与热相关伤害/疾病发生率呈正相关。
讨论
美国职业性环境热相关伤害/疾病存在人口统计学和职业差异，这些伤害/疾病与州平均年温度之间存在相关性。需要制定政策和其他干预措施来保护工人免受职业环境热伤害/疾病的影响。
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