From the Departments of Orthopaedics.
Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.
Plast Reconstr Surg. 2023 Jun 1;151(6):959e-969e. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000010136. Epub 2023 Jan 2.
Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) isolated from adipose tissue has been shown to be beneficial for treating peripheral nerve injuries. Micronized cellular adipose matrix (MCAM) is an SVF-rich micronized fat tissue obtained by a series of simple mechanical processes. This study assessed the therapeutic effect of MCAM for peripheral nerve injury.
Microscopic evaluation of the cell phenotype and functions was performed to determine the adipose-derived stem cell content of the MCAM. An artificial nerve conduit (ANC) filled with MCAM was implanted into a sciatic nerve defect in immunodeficient mice. Comparisons of this treatment with an autograft, an ANC filled with SVF cells, and an ANC alone were made based on electrophysiologic characteristics, Sciatic Functional Index, and histologic analyses of regenerated nerve fiber and myelination using electron microscopy, and the preventive effect on innervated muscle atrophy.
MCAM contained many cells with a phenotype and differentiation potency similar to those of ADSCs. The implantation experiment indicated that MCAM enhanced the efficiency of functional and structural recovery and prevented atrophy of the innervated muscle. These effects were significantly improved compared with the control group (ANC only) and comparable to those in the SVF group, whereas the improvement did not reach the same level of the autograft group.
Injection of MCAM into an ANC accelerated nerve regeneration compared with use of an ANC alone, which indicates that MCAM is a promising transplant material for treatment of peripheral nerve injury and an alternative to use of SVF cells.
Micronized cellular adipose matrix, which can be harvested and isolated from adipose tissue with a simple device, has been shown for the first time to be highly useful as an implantable material for new peripheral nerve regeneration.
从脂肪组织中分离出来的基质血管部分（SVF）已被证明对治疗周围神经损伤有益。微细化细胞脂肪基质（MCAM）是一种 SVF 丰富的微细化脂肪组织，通过一系列简单的机械过程获得。本研究评估了 MCAM 治疗周围神经损伤的疗效。
通过显微镜评估细胞表型和功能，确定 MCAM 中的脂肪来源干细胞含量。将填充 MCAM 的人工神经导管（ANC）植入免疫缺陷小鼠的坐骨神经缺损部位。根据电生理特征、坐骨神经功能指数以及电子显微镜下再生神经纤维和髓鞘的组织学分析，将这种治疗方法与自体移植物、填充 SVF 细胞的 ANC 和单纯 ANC 进行比较，并评估对支配肌肉萎缩的预防作用。
MCAM 含有许多具有与 ADSC 相似表型和分化潜能的细胞。植入实验表明，MCAM 增强了功能和结构恢复的效率，并防止了支配肌肉的萎缩。与对照组（仅 ANC）相比，这些效果明显改善，与 SVF 组相当，而与自体移植物组相比，改善程度没有达到相同水平。
与单独使用 ANC 相比，将 MCAM 注入 ANC 可加速神经再生，这表明 MCAM 是治疗周围神经损伤的一种有前途的移植材料，可替代 SVF 细胞使用。
微细化细胞脂肪基质可以用简单的设备从脂肪组织中采集和分离，它首次被证明是一种非常有用的可植入材料，可用于新的周围神经再生。
