Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at El Paso, Texas, USA.
Curr Opin Cardiol. 2023 Jul 1;38(4):327-330. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000001018. Epub 2022 Dec 28.
Influenza imparts a significant health burden on the United States and global population. Furthermore, influenza is associated with acute cardiovascular events, including heart failure exacerbations, acute coronary syndromes, strokes, and overall cardiovascular mortality. We review the role of seasonal influenza vaccination in mitigating cardiovascular risk.
A large study assessed the impact of influenza vaccine on cardiovascular outcomes and mortality using the US National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database. This study included 22 634 643 hospitalizations. Vaccination against influenza was associated with a reduction in myocardial infarctions (MI) [relative risk (RR) = 0.84, 95% CI 0.82-0.87, P < 0.001], transient ischemic attacks (RR = 0.93, 95% CI 0.9-0.96, P < 0.001), cardiac arrests (RR = 0.36, 95% CI 0.33-0.39, P < 0.001), strokes (RR = 0.94, 95% CI 0.91-0.97, P < 0.001), and overall mortality (RR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.36-0.4, P < 0.001).
Available data suggests that seasonal influenza vaccination is very effective in mitigating cardiovascular risk. Increasing the rates of influenza vaccination, especially among those with cardiovascular risk factors, is critical in preventing infection and attenuating influenza-related cardiovascular complications and adverse outcomes.
流感在美国和全球人群中造成了巨大的健康负担。此外，流感与急性心血管事件相关，包括心力衰竭恶化、急性冠状动脉综合征、中风和总体心血管死亡率。我们回顾了季节性流感疫苗接种在降低心血管风险方面的作用。
一项大型研究使用美国国家住院患者样本（NIS）数据库评估了流感疫苗对心血管结局和死亡率的影响。这项研究纳入了 22634643 例住院患者。流感疫苗接种与心肌梗死（MI）减少相关[相对风险（RR）=0.84，95%置信区间（CI）0.82-0.87，P ＜0.001]、短暂性脑缺血发作（RR=0.93，95% CI 0.9-0.96，P ＜0.001）、心脏骤停（RR=0.36，95% CI 0.33-0.39，P ＜0.001）、中风（RR=0.94，95% CI 0.91-0.97，P ＜0.001）和总体死亡率（RR=0.38，95% CI 0.36-0.4，P ＜0.001）。
现有数据表明，季节性流感疫苗接种在降低心血管风险方面非常有效。增加流感疫苗接种率，特别是在有心血管危险因素的人群中，对于预防感染和减轻流感相关的心血管并发症和不良结局至关重要。
