[商业养殖猪沙门氏菌病的病因]

[Etiology of salmonellosis in swine raised commercially].

作者信息

Minev M K, Iordanov S, Konov V, Khvŭrchilkov V, Pushkarov S

出版信息

Vet Med Nauki. 1987;24(7):26-31.

Abstract

A total of 25,561 samples from swine (cadavers, internal organs, rectal swabs, feed, and washings of premises) were investigated microbiologically over the 1981-1985 period via routinely employed methods for the isolation and typing of Salmonella organisms, following the Kauffmann-White pattern. Tested was the susceptibility of 411 strains by the disk-diffusion method, using drugs of the general practice, and the results were recorded after Bauer. In 5.32 per cent of the samples 19 Salmonella serotypes of the B. C. D, and E groups were isolated. Greatest in the etiology of salmonelloses was still the relative share of S. cholerae suis (85.22%), represented by the two-phase var. america and the autochthonous var. kunzendorf. Second ranked S. typhimurium--5.14%, followed by S. agona--2.20%, S. menden--1.25%, S. thompson--1.18%, S. derby--1.10%, S. bovis-morbificans--0.81%, and others. A change was ascertained in the serotypes isolated from pigs with regard to the exotic types. Sensitive to gentamycin proved 89.9%, to chloramphenicol--79.1%, to carbenicillin--71%, to kanamycin--70%, etc; 75% were resistant to ampicillin, 54.6%--to streptomycin, 51.3%--to tetracycline, and 33.8%--to furazolidone.

摘要

在1981 - 1985年期间，按照考夫曼-怀特模式，通过常规使用的沙门氏菌分离和分型方法，对总共25561份猪的样本（尸体、内脏器官、直肠拭子、饲料和养殖场冲洗液）进行了微生物学调查。采用常规药物，通过纸片扩散法检测了411株菌株的药敏性，并按照鲍尔的方法记录结果。在5.32%的样本中分离出了B、C、D和E组的19种沙门氏菌血清型。猪霍乱沙门氏菌仍然是沙门氏菌病病因中占比最大的（85.22%），以两相变种america和本地变种kunzendorf为代表。其次是鼠伤寒沙门氏菌——5.14%，接着是阿哥纳沙门氏菌——2.20%，门登沙门氏菌——1.25%，汤普森沙门氏菌——1.18%，德尔比沙门氏菌——1.10%，牛病沙门氏菌——0.81%，以及其他血清型。从猪分离出的血清型在外来类型方面有变化。结果表明，89.9%的菌株对庆大霉素敏感，79.1%对氯霉素敏感，71%对羧苄青霉素敏感，70%对卡那霉素敏感等；75%的菌株对氨苄青霉素耐药，54.6%对链霉素耐药，51.3%对四环素耐药，33.8%对呋喃唑酮耐药。