Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California.
Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
Retina. 2023 Mar 1;43(3):481-489. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000003678.
Previous studies examining the risk of retinoblastoma with maternal smoking were inconclusive, likely due in part to the reliance on self-reported maternal smoking. This study uses biomarkers of tobacco smoking in neonatal dried blood spots to investigate associations between maternal smoking and retinoblastoma in offspring.
The authors randomly selected 498 retinoblastoma cases and 895 control subjects born between 1983 and 2011 from a population-based case-control study in California. Maternal pregnancy-related smoking was measured using the following three metrics: provider or self-reported smoking during pregnancy, cotinine, and hydroxycotinine in neonatal blood. The authors used multivariable logistic regression to estimate the effects of maternal tobacco smoking on retinoblastoma.
Using all metrics (biomarkers or self-report), maternal smoking late in pregnancy or early postpartum was related to retinoblastoma (all types; odds ratio = 1.44, 95% confidence interval: 1.00-2.09). Relying on cotinine or hydroxycotinine to ascertain smoking, maternal smoking was related to unilateral retinoblastoma (odds ratio = 1.66, 95% confidence interval: 1.08-2.57).
The results indicate that maternal smoking during pregnancy may be a risk factor for retinoblastoma, particularly among unilateral cases.
之前研究母亲吸烟与视网膜母细胞瘤风险的研究结果并不一致，部分原因可能是依赖于母亲自我报告的吸烟情况。本研究使用新生儿干血斑中的烟草吸烟生物标志物来调查母亲吸烟与子女视网膜母细胞瘤之间的关联。
作者从加利福尼亚州的一项基于人群的病例对照研究中随机选择了 498 例视网膜母细胞瘤病例和 895 例对照，出生于 1983 年至 2011 年之间。使用以下三种指标来衡量母亲妊娠期间的吸烟情况：提供者或自我报告的怀孕期间吸烟、可替宁和新生儿血液中的羟基可替宁。作者使用多变量逻辑回归来估计母亲吸烟对视网膜母细胞瘤的影响。
使用所有指标（生物标志物或自我报告），妊娠晚期或产后早期的母亲吸烟与视网膜母细胞瘤（所有类型；优势比=1.44，95%置信区间：1.00-2.09）有关。依赖于可替宁或羟基可替宁来确定吸烟情况，母亲吸烟与单侧视网膜母细胞瘤有关（优势比=1.66，95%置信区间：1.08-2.57）。
结果表明，母亲在怀孕期间吸烟可能是视网膜母细胞瘤的一个危险因素，特别是在单侧病例中。
