Department of Nutrition, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Collective Health, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil.
J Hum Nutr Diet. 2023 Aug;36(4):1327-1338. doi: 10.1111/jhn.13148. Epub 2023 Feb 22.
In socially vulnerable populations, evidence is needed regarding the role of maternal nutritional status on child weight during the first 2 years of life.
We aimed to assess the association of pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain (GWG) with offspring BMI-for-age z-scores (BAZs) during the first 2 years of life.
A population-based birth cohort study was conducted with 900 mother-child pairs. Pre-pregnancy weight and weight at delivery were collected from medical records, and anthropometric data were measured at birth and at 6-month, 1-year and 2-year follow-up visits. Linear regression and linear mixed-effect models assessed associations with pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG and BAZ during the first 2 years of life.
Pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity and excessive GWG were positively associated with BAZ at birth and at 1- and 2-year follow-up visits. There were no significant additional BAZ changes per year based on the exposures up to age 2 years.
Elevated maternal pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG were associated with a child's higher BAZ at birth, and these differences remained constant throughout the first 2 years of life in Amazonian children. These findings highlight the importance of promoting adequate maternal weight before pregnancy and during prenatal care also in socially vulnerable populations.
在社会弱势群体中，需要有证据表明母亲的营养状况对生命最初 2 年内儿童体重的影响。
我们旨在评估孕前体重指数（BMI）和妊娠期体重增加（GWG）与生命最初 2 年内后代 BMI 与年龄的 z 评分（BAZ）之间的关系。
采用基于人群的出生队列研究，共纳入了 900 对母婴。孕前体重和分娩时体重从病历中收集，出生时以及 6 个月、1 岁和 2 岁随访时测量了人体测量数据。线性回归和线性混合效应模型评估了与生命最初 2 年内的孕前 BMI、GWG 和 BAZ 的关联。
孕前超重和肥胖以及过多的 GWG 与出生时和 1 岁及 2 岁随访时的 BAZ 呈正相关。在 2 岁之前，基于这些暴露因素，每年的 BAZ 变化没有显著差异。
升高的母体孕前 BMI 和 GWG 与儿童出生时较高的 BAZ 相关，这些差异在亚马逊地区儿童生命的最初 2 年内保持不变。这些发现强调了在社会弱势群体中，在怀孕前和产前保健期间促进适当的母体体重的重要性。
