University Clinical Hospital in Opole, Poland.
Department of Children's Diabetology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2023;29(1):42-47. doi: 10.5114/pedm.2022.122546.
Compared with healthy children, peers with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) have an increased risk of developing advanced atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Glycaemic control is the most important modifiable risk factor for CVD in DM1. Currently, monitoring of glycaemic control relies on glycosylated haemoglobin levels (HbA1c), self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), and the use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems. The flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), pulse wave velocity (PWV), ankle-brachial index (ABI), and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) may be used to assess the risk of CVD, by estimating the process of atherosclerosis in peripheral vessels. Aim of the study: To summarize the current literature on the correlation of metabolic control in young people with DM1, assessed by key metrics from CGM reports, and the development of atherosclerosis and the incidence of CVD. Conclusions: Chronic hyperglycaemia is an independent risk factor for vascular changes. The effect of glycaemic control - assessed on the basis of parameters obtained from CGM reports - on the risk of CVD in DM1 has been analysed in few studies, especially in the paediatric population.
与健康儿童相比，1 型糖尿病（DM1）患儿发生动脉粥样硬化和心血管疾病（CVD）的风险增加。血糖控制是 DM1 患者 CVD 的最重要可改变危险因素。目前，血糖控制的监测依赖于糖化血红蛋白水平（HbA1c）、自我血糖监测（SMBG）和连续血糖监测（CGM）系统。血流介导的舒张功能（FMD）、脉搏波速度（PWV）、踝臂指数（ABI）和颈动脉内膜中层厚度（cIMT）可用于通过评估外周血管的动脉粥样硬化过程来评估 CVD 的风险。研究目的：总结目前关于通过 CGM 报告中的关键指标评估的年轻人 1 型糖尿病患者代谢控制与动脉粥样硬化发展和 CVD 发生率之间相关性的文献。结论：慢性高血糖是血管变化的独立危险因素。基于 CGM 报告中获得的参数评估的血糖控制对 DM1 患者 CVD 风险的影响仅在少数研究中进行了分析，尤其是在儿科人群中。
