State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
Kunming Institute of Eco-Environmental Science, Kunming 650032, China.
J Contam Hydrol. 2023 Mar;254:104141. doi: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2023.104141. Epub 2023 Jan 18.
The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau (YGP) lakes are the typical plateau rift lakes and an important water source in southwest China. However, there is a scarcity of research on its spatiotemporal water quality variations and driving factors, especially on long-term scales. Herein, multiple water quality indicators for 11 natural lakes on the YGP were measured from 2005 to 2020. In this study, the effects of natural lake attributes, human activities, and meteorological conditions on water quality were also analyzed. The results showed that the water quality of the YGP lakes tended to degrade, and was divided into heavy, medium, and light pollution types. Total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), permanganate index (COD), and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) increased by 14.69%, 14.44%, 22.61%, and 11.26%, respectively, from 2005 to 2020. Natural attributes of lakes and land use types were the main reasons for the spatial heterogeneity of water quality in YGP. In contrast, the temporal evolution of lake water quality was mainly related to human activities and climatic conditions. The smaller the water/ terrestrial area ratio, water storage capacity, and water depth, the easier the eutrophication and the worser the water quality of YGP lakes. Land degradation accelerated the deterioration of water quality in plateau lakes, while ecological land played an improving role. This study summarizes the water quality changes and influencing factors in YGP lakes over the past 15 years, which can provide a scientific database reference for water environment protection in YGP.
云贵高原湖泊是典型的高原断陷湖泊，是中国西南地区的重要水源地。然而，目前对其时空水质变化及其驱动因素的研究相对较少，尤其是在长期尺度上。本研究选取云贵高原 11 个天然湖泊，于 2005 年至 2020 年期间对其水质进行了多指标监测。同时，分析了自然湖泊属性、人类活动和气象条件对水质的影响。结果表明，云贵高原湖泊水质呈下降趋势，且被分为重度、中度和轻度污染三种类型。总磷（TP）、总氮（TN）、高锰酸盐指数（COD）和生化需氧量（BOD）分别增加了 14.69%、14.44%、22.61%和 11.26%。湖泊的自然属性和土地利用类型是造成云贵高原湖泊水质空间异质性的主要原因。相比之下，湖泊水质的时间演变主要与人类活动和气候条件有关。水/陆面积比、储水能力和水深越小，湖泊越容易富营养化，水质越差。土地退化加速了高原湖泊水质的恶化，而生态用地则起到了改善作用。本研究总结了过去 15 年云贵高原湖泊水质的变化及其影响因素，为云贵高原湖泊水环境保护提供了科学的数据库参考。
