Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Pue., Mexico.
Biological Sciences Faculty, Benemerita Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Pue., Mexico.
J Chem Neuroanat. 2023 Apr;129:102237. doi: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2023.102237. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
The number of people diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (MetS) has increased dramatically to reach alarming proportions worldwide. The origin of MetS derives from bad eating habits and sedentary lifestyle. Most people consume foods high in carbohydrates and saturated fat. In recent years, it has been reported that alterations in insulin at the brain level could have an impact on the appearance of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, dementia, depression, and other types of disorders that compromise brain function. These alterations have been associated with damage to the structure and function of neurons located in the reptilian and limbic systems, a decrease in dendritic arborization and an exacerbated inflammatory state that impaired learning and memory and increased in the state of stress and anxiety. Although the molecular mechanisms induced by MetS to cause neurodegeneration are not fully understood. The aim of this study is to know the effect of the intake of hypercaloric diets on the structure and function of neurons located in the frontal cortex, hypothalamus and hippocampus and its impact on behavior in rats with metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, the present study illustrated that chronic exposure to hypercaloric diets, with a high content of sugars and saturated fatty acids, induces a proinflammatory state and exacerbates oxidative stress in brain regions such as the hypothalamus, hippocampus, and frontal cortex, leading to dysfunction. metabolism, neuronal damage, and recognition memory loss.
代谢综合征（MetS）的诊断人数急剧增加，在全球范围内达到了惊人的比例。MetS 的起源源于不良的饮食习惯和久坐的生活方式。大多数人食用高碳水化合物和饱和脂肪的食物。近年来，据报道，大脑水平胰岛素的改变可能对阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、痴呆、抑郁症和其他类型的影响大脑功能的疾病的出现产生影响。这些改变与位于爬虫类和边缘系统的神经元的结构和功能损伤、树突分支减少以及炎症状态加剧有关，从而损害学习和记忆能力，并增加应激和焦虑状态。尽管代谢综合征引起神经退行性变的分子机制尚未完全阐明。本研究的目的是了解高热量饮食对位于前额叶皮层、下丘脑和海马体的神经元的结构和功能的影响，以及其对代谢综合征大鼠行为的影响。总之，本研究表明，慢性暴露于高热量饮食，其中含有高含量的糖和饱和脂肪酸，会在大脑区域（如下丘脑、海马体和前额叶皮层）引起炎症状态和氧化应激加剧，导致代谢功能障碍、神经元损伤和识别记忆丧失。
