Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA; email:
Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2023 May 9;19:177-205. doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080921-074125. Epub 2023 Feb 3.
While boys and men have historically been underrepresented in eating disorder research, increasing interest and research during the twenty-first century have contributed important knowledge to the field. In this article, we review the epidemiology of eating disorders and muscle dysmorphia (the pathological pursuit of muscularity) in boys and men; specific groups of men at increased risk for eating disorders; sociocultural, psychological, and biological vulnerability factors; and male-specific assessment measures. We also provide an overview of current research on eating disorder and muscle dysmorphia prevention efforts, treatment outcomes, and mortality risk in samples of boys and men. Priorities for future research are including boys and men in epidemiological studies to track changes in incidence, identifying (neuro)biological factors contributing to risk, eliminating barriers to treatment access and utilization, and refining male-specific prevention and treatment efforts.
虽然男孩和男性在饮食失调研究中历来代表性不足，但二十一世纪日益增长的兴趣和研究为该领域做出了重要贡献。在本文中，我们回顾了男孩和男性饮食失调和肌肉变形（对肌肉发达的病态追求）的流行病学；易患饮食失调的特定男性群体；社会文化、心理和生物脆弱性因素；以及男性特有的评估方法。我们还概述了当前关于男孩和男性饮食失调和肌肉变形预防工作、治疗结果和死亡率风险的研究。未来研究的重点是将男孩和男性纳入流行病学研究，以跟踪发病率的变化，确定导致风险的（神经）生物学因素，消除治疗机会和利用的障碍，并完善针对男性的预防和治疗工作。
