Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, (NIT Rourkela) Sector 1, Rourkela, Odisha, 768009, India.
PRS-Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Centre, Department of Chemistry, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, 263001, Uttarakhand, India.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Jul 1;328:121201. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121201. Epub 2023 Feb 2.
Multicomponent wastewater treatment utilising simple and cost-effective materials and methods is an important research topic. This study has reported the fabrication and utilisation of graphene oxide (GO) embedded granular Polyurethane (PU) (GOPU) adsorbent for the treatment of lead ion (Lead ion (Pb(II)), Methylene blue (MB), and E. coli. PU granules were wrapped with GO flakes to improve hydrophilicity, interaction with polluted water, cation-exchange reaction, and binding of pollutants on its surface. Synthesised GOPU granules were characterised by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to ensure the successful synthesis of GO and fabrication of GOPU granules. Further, batch and continuous adsorption processes were studied in different operating conditions to evaluate the performance of GOPU granules in practical applications. The kinetic and isotherm analyses revealed that the adsorption of Lead (Pb(II)) ion and Methylene Blue (MB) dye followed the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models, respectively, and they showed good agreement with the Pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The adsorption capacities of GOPU granules for the elimination of Pb(II) and MB dye were about 842 mg/g and 899 mg/g, respectively. Additionally, investigations into the fixed bed column revealed that the adsorption column performed best at a flow rate of 5 mL/min and a bed height of 6 cm. Pb(II) adsorption had a bed uptake capacity (q) of 88 mg/g and percentage removal efficiency (%R) of 76%. Similarly, MB adsorption had a bed uptake capacity of 202 mg/g and a percentage removal efficiency of 71%. A systematic invention on antibacterial activity toward E. coli showed that The GOPU granules have a removal efficiency of about 100% at an exposure of 24 h. These findings indicated the possible use of GOPU granules as promising adsorbents for various water pollutants.
利用简单且经济高效的材料和方法进行多组分废水处理是一个重要的研究课题。本研究报告了氧化石墨烯（GO）嵌入颗粒状聚氨酯（PU）（GOPU）吸附剂的制备和应用，用于处理铅离子（Pb（II））、亚甲蓝（MB）和大肠杆菌。PU 颗粒被 GO 薄片包裹，以提高亲水性、与污染水的相互作用、阳离子交换反应以及污染物在其表面的结合。通过 X 射线衍射（XRD）、拉曼、傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）光谱和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析对合成的 GOPU 颗粒进行了表征，以确保 GO 的成功合成和 GOPU 颗粒的制备。进一步，在不同操作条件下研究了批量和连续吸附过程，以评估 GOPU 颗粒在实际应用中的性能。动力学和等温线分析表明，Pb（II）离子和亚甲蓝（MB）染料的吸附分别遵循 Freundlich 和 Langmuir 等温线模型，并且它们与拟二级动力学模型吻合良好。GOPU 颗粒对 Pb（II）和 MB 染料的吸附容量分别约为 842mg/g 和 899mg/g。此外，对固定床柱的研究表明，在流速为 5mL/min 和床高为 6cm 时，吸附柱的性能最佳。Pb（II）吸附的床层吸附容量（q）为 88mg/g，去除效率（%R）为 76%。同样，MB 吸附的床层吸附容量为 202mg/g，去除效率为 71%。对大肠杆菌的抗菌活性进行了系统的发明，结果表明 GOPU 颗粒在暴露 24 小时后对大肠杆菌的去除效率约为 100%。这些发现表明 GOPU 颗粒可能作为各种水污染物的有前途的吸附剂。
