Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake, Bengaluru 560089, India.
Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Hessaraghatta Lake, Bengaluru 560089, India.
Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2023 Feb;190:105329. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2022.105329. Epub 2022 Dec 21.
Phthorimaea absoluta (Meyrick) is one of the most destructive pests of tomato, causing 100% yield loss in the absence of control measures. The important method of managing the pest is by using synthetic insecticides. However, intermittent and indiscriminate uses of certain insecticides have negative effect on the environment. Use of herbal insecticides such as secondary metabolites and essential oils is a key for sustainable long term crop protection. Investigation on the insecticidal properties of Ocimum basilicum, Mentha piperita essential oils (EOs) and their constituents was carried out against P. absoluta. The M. piperita EO showed highest mortality (100%) of P. absoluta with LC 1.78 μl/ml due to alloaromadendrene (27.99%), levomenthol (18.31%) and santolina triene (9.78%). The O. basilicum EO also had significant mortality (90%) effect with LC 3.58 μl/ml due to humulene (32.31%), alpha farnesense (27.22%), estragole (19.24%) and 4-cerene (10.61%). Among binary compounds, levomenthol showed highest mortality (100%) having LC 13.18 μl/ml followed by alpha-pinene (100%) with LC 16.10 μl/ml, 4-cerene (95%) with LC 38.20 μl/ml and alpha-phellandrene (90%) having LC 46.83 μl/ml. The observed toxicity in all compounds was due to significant changes in the activity of esterases, glutathione S-transferase and acetylcholine esterases over the time. The present study suggests that O. basilium and M. piperita EOs would provide an additional approach for the management of P. absoluta over synthetic insecticides.
烟青虫（Phthorimaea absoluta）是番茄的最具破坏性害虫之一，如果不采取控制措施，它会导致 100%的产量损失。管理这种害虫的重要方法是使用合成杀虫剂。然而，某些杀虫剂的间歇性和无差别使用对环境有负面影响。使用植物性杀虫剂，如次生代谢物和精油，是可持续长期作物保护的关键。本研究对罗勒（Ocimum basilicum）、薄荷（Mentha piperita）精油（EOs）及其成分对烟青虫的杀虫特性进行了调查。薄荷精油表现出最高的死亡率（100%），LC 1.78 μl/ml，主要成分为 alloaromadendrene（27.99%）、levomenthol（18.31%）和 santolina triene（9.78%）。罗勒精油也具有显著的死亡率（90%）效应，LC 3.58 μl/ml，主要成分为 humulene（32.31%）、alpha farnesense（27.22%）、estragole（19.24%）和 4-cerene（10.61%）。在二元化合物中，levomenthol 表现出最高的死亡率（100%），LC 13.18 μl/ml，其次是 alpha-pinene（100%），LC 16.10 μl/ml，4-cerene（95%），LC 38.20 μl/ml，alpha-phellandrene（90%），LC 46.83 μl/ml。所有化合物的观察到的毒性是由于酯酶、谷胱甘肽 S-转移酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶的活性在时间上发生了显著变化。本研究表明，罗勒和薄荷精油将为管理烟青虫提供一种替代合成杀虫剂的方法。
