Raehtz T R, Milewski R, Massoud N
Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit 48201.
Am J Hosp Pharm. 1987 Sep;44(9):2073-6.
Purchasing-group characteristics that influence pharmaceutical-vendor pricing are discussed. A questionnaire about pricing practices and a self-addressed stamped envelope were mailed to bid managers of vendors in November 1985. The bid managers' attitudes toward the effect of various characteristics of purchasing groups on prices was determined by calculating the mean response to each of a group of four questions about pricing practices. Of the 269 questionnaires distributed, 161 (59.8%) were returned. Of these, 115 were usable. Three vendor groups were established from demographic information: Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association members (44.3%), generic manufacturers (13.9%), and wholesalers (41.7%). Bid managers agreed that the following characteristics would influence lower prices: single group membership, market conditions, group size, adherence to contracts, and volume commitment; they disagreed that the time of year during which bid solicitations are conducted would affect prices. Further studies are needed to correlate actual pricing practices and the opinions of vendors regarding factors influencing pricing.
本文讨论了影响药品供应商定价的采购集团特征。1985年11月，一份关于定价实践的问卷和一个回邮信封被寄给了供应商的投标经理。通过计算一组关于定价实践的四个问题中每个问题的平均回复，确定了投标经理对采购集团各种特征对价格影响的态度。在分发的269份问卷中，161份（59.8%）被退回。其中，115份可用。根据人口统计信息建立了三个供应商组：药品制造商协会成员（44.3%）、仿制药制造商（13.9%）和批发商（41.7%）。投标经理们一致认为，以下特征会影响更低的价格：单一集团成员身份、市场条件、集团规模、合同遵守情况和数量承诺；他们不同意进行招标的年份时间会影响价格。需要进一步研究将实际定价实践与供应商对影响定价因素的看法联系起来。
