Yu Jin, Zhu Hong, Kindy Mark S, Taheri Saeid
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
James A. Haley VA Medical Center, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Cereb Circ Cogn Behav. 2023 Jan 29;4:100161. doi: 10.1016/j.cccb.2023.100161. eCollection 2023.
Various lifestyle factors such as chronic hypertension and a high-sodium diet regimen are shown to impact cerebrovascular morphology and structure. Unusual cerebrovascular morphological and structural changes may contribute to cerebral hypoperfusion in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The objective of this study was to examine whether a high-sodium diet mediates cerebrovascular morphology and cerebral perfusion alterations in AD.
Double transgenic mice harboring Aβ precursor protein (APPswe) and presenilin-1 (PSEN1) along with wild-type controls were divided into four groups. Group A (APP/PS1) and B (controls) were both fed a high-sodium (4.00%), while group C (APP/PS1) and D (controls) were both fed a low-sodium (0.08% a regular chow diet) for three months. Then, changes in regional cerebral perfusion and diffusion, cerebrovascular morphology, and structure were quantified.
A 3-month high-sodium diet causes pyknosis and deep staining in hippocampal neurons and reduced vascular density in both hippocampal and cortical areas ( <0.001) of APP/PS1. Despite vascular density changes, cerebral perfusion was not increased markedly ( = 0.3) in this group, though it was increased more in wild-type controls ( = 0.022).
A high-sodium diet regimen causes cerebrovascular morphology alteration in APP/PS1 mouse model of AD.
多种生活方式因素，如慢性高血压和高钠饮食方案，已被证明会影响脑血管形态和结构。异常的脑血管形态和结构变化可能导致阿尔茨海默病（AD）中的脑灌注不足。本研究的目的是检查高钠饮食是否介导AD中的脑血管形态和脑灌注改变。
将携带淀粉样前体蛋白（APPswe）和早老素-1（PSEN1）的双转基因小鼠与野生型对照分为四组。A组（APP/PS1）和B组（对照组）均喂食高钠（4.00%）饮食，而C组（APP/PS1）和D组（对照组）均喂食低钠（0.08%，常规饲料）饮食三个月。然后，对局部脑灌注和扩散、脑血管形态和结构的变化进行量化。
3个月的高钠饮食导致APP/PS1小鼠海马神经元固缩和深染，海马和皮质区域的血管密度降低（<0.001）。尽管血管密度发生了变化，但该组的脑灌注并未明显增加（=0.3），而野生型对照组的脑灌注增加更多（=0.022）。
高钠饮食方案会导致AD的APP/PS1小鼠模型出现脑血管形态改变。
