Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda.
Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Front Immunol. 2023 Jan 17;13:1085551. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1085551. eCollection 2022.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has significantly contributed to global mortality, with three million deaths reported annually. This impact is expected to increase over the next 40 years, with approximately 5 million people predicted to succumb to COPD-related deaths annually. Immune mechanisms driving disease progression have not been fully elucidated. Airway microbiota have been implicated. However, it is still unclear how changes in the airway microbiome drive persistent immune activation and consequent lung damage. Mechanisms mediating microbiome-immune crosstalk in the airways remain unclear. In this review, we examine how dysbiosis mediates airway inflammation in COPD. We give a detailed account of how airway commensal bacteria interact with the mucosal innate and adaptive immune system to regulate immune responses in healthy or diseased airways. Immune-phenotyping airway microbiota could advance COPD immunotherapeutics and identify key open questions that future research must address to further such translation.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是导致全球死亡率显著升高的主要原因之一，每年有 300 万人因此死亡。预计在未来 40 年内，这一影响还将加剧，每年预计将有 500 万人死于 COPD 相关疾病。导致疾病进展的免疫机制尚未完全阐明。气道微生物群已被牵涉其中。然而，目前仍不清楚气道微生物组的变化如何驱动持续的免疫激活和随后的肺损伤。介导气道微生物组-免疫串扰的机制尚不清楚。在这篇综述中，我们研究了微生物失调如何介导 COPD 中的气道炎症。我们详细阐述了气道共生细菌如何与黏膜固有和适应性免疫系统相互作用，以调节健康或患病气道中的免疫反应。对气道微生物组进行免疫表型分析可以推进 COPD 的免疫治疗，并确定未来研究必须解决的关键问题，以进一步推动这一转化。
