Sharma Rashmi, Bhatt Gneyaa, Bakshi Harsh, Oza Divyang, Dave Roshni, Pirzada Azbah, Jani Dharati, Bapat Nirav, Mehta Rajesh
Department of Community Medicine, GMERS Medical College, Sola, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2022 Oct-Dec;47(4):567-570. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_70_22. Epub 2022 Dec 14.
Under Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK), children (0-18 years) are screened for a spectrum of 30 health conditions, categorized under 4D's namely defect (birth), disease (chronic), deficiency disorders, and developmental delay, and referred for treatment at higher centers. The aim of this study is to document demographic, clinical profile of children detected with any of 4D's during 2018-20 at one Urban Primary health center to assess their Quality of Life (QOL) and client satisfaction.
A total of 102 children <18 years were selected as per Probability Proportionate to Size for different 4D's; within each category required participants were selected randomly. Information was gathered on designed semi-structured proforma. For QOL, customized World Health organization Quality of Life Brief (WHO-BREF) Questionnaire tool was used. Client satisfaction about the RBSK was assessed among RBSK users (N = 46) with Likert scale.
Out of 102 cases, 97 were covered including 8 with more than 1 type of 4Ds. Majority beneficiaries were male (53.1%), from 5 to 10 years age (43.8%), and middle social class (52%). Congenital defects (48.5%) especially heart defects were the most common followed by deficiency disorders (40.2%) mostly severe anemia and/or severe acute malnutrition. Out of 46 who availed RBSK services, 82.6% rated service as very good or good. Most children (81.7%) had good QOL.
Most detected 4D's belonged to school going age and middle class. They rated program as very good or good. Congenital defects, specifically heart defects were the most common. Overall, most children (81.7%) had good QOL.
在“国家儿童健康计划”（Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram，RBSK）下，对0至18岁的儿童进行30种健康状况的筛查，这些状况分为4D类，即缺陷（出生时）、疾病（慢性）、营养缺乏症和发育迟缓，并将他们转诊到上级中心进行治疗。本研究的目的是记录2018年至2020年期间在一个城市初级卫生中心检测出患有任何一种4D状况的儿童的人口统计学和临床特征，以评估他们的生活质量（QOL）和客户满意度。
根据不同4D状况按规模比例概率抽样，共选取了102名18岁以下的儿童；在每个类别中，所需参与者通过随机选择确定。通过设计好的半结构化表格收集信息。对于生活质量，使用了定制的世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHO-BREF）问卷工具。在RBSK用户（N = 46）中，使用李克特量表评估他们对RBSK的客户满意度。
在102例病例中，涵盖了97例，其中8例患有不止一种4D状况。大多数受益者为男性（53.1%），年龄在5至10岁（43.8%），来自中等社会阶层（52%）。先天性缺陷（48.5%）尤其是心脏缺陷最为常见，其次是营养缺乏症（40.2%），主要是重度贫血和/或重度急性营养不良。在46名使用RBSK服务的人中，82.6%将服务评为非常好或好。大多数儿童（81.7%）生活质量良好。
大多数检测出患有4D状况的儿童属于上学年龄且来自中等阶层。他们对该项目的评价为非常好或好。先天性缺陷，特别是心脏缺陷最为常见。总体而言，大多数儿童（81.7%）生活质量良好。
