Anirudh M, Sivuni Aishwarya, Rajashekhar Nadiga, Mangala H C
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, JJM Medical College, Davangere, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Sex Transm Dis AIDS. 2022 Jul-Dec;43(2):161-164. doi: 10.4103/ijstd.ijstd_109_20. Epub 2022 Aug 1.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a public health challenge, and the epidemiological profile is variable by geographical region and distinct from that of other diseases. Accurate knowledge of emerging disease trends is crucial for formulating effective control strategies.
The aim and objective of this study were to identify the changing scenario and emerging trends of STDs in Davangere, Karnataka, by evaluating patients attending a tertiary care center.
A tertiary care-based retrospective study was conducted by analyzing the clinical records of the attendees presenting to the STD clinic at Chigateri General Hospital affiliated to JJM Medical College in Davangere, Karnataka, for a period of 5 years from January 2015 to December 2019. The collected data were analyzed and statistically compared with other studies.
Out of the 614 patients studied, the male-to-female ratio was 2:1, with 30-39 age groups being most affected. Eighty-eight percent of patients were married, with 36.64% giving a history of extramarital contact. Homosexual and bisexual contacts were observed to be 5.21% and 0.65%, respectively. Viral STDs affected nearly half of the patients (49.51%), followed by fungal (28.88%), bacterial (22.63%), and others (3.1%). The most common STD observed was herpes genitalis as seen in 101 (24.48%) patients, followed by candidal balanoposthitis (17.1%). Thirty-three (5.7%) patients were diagnosed with more than one STD. Of these patients, 13 were seropositive for HIV, resulting in a prevalence of 2.12%.
The epidemiological profile of STDs is ever changing, and this study found an increase in viral and fungal STDs and downward trend of bacterial STDs comparable to that of studies from other regions.
性传播疾病（STDs）是一项公共卫生挑战，其流行病学特征因地理区域而异，与其他疾病不同。准确了解新出现的疾病趋势对于制定有效的控制策略至关重要。
本研究的目的是通过评估在三级医疗中心就诊的患者，确定卡纳塔克邦达万盖尔市性传播疾病的变化情况和新出现的趋势。
通过分析2015年1月至2019年12月期间在卡纳塔克邦达万盖尔市JJM医学院附属奇加泰里综合医院性病门诊就诊患者的临床记录，进行了一项基于三级医疗的回顾性研究。对收集到的数据进行分析，并与其他研究进行统计学比较。
在研究的614名患者中，男女比例为2:1，30 - 39岁年龄组受影响最大。88%的患者已婚，其中36.64%有婚外接触史。观察到同性恋和双性恋接触分别占5.21%和0.65%。病毒性传播疾病影响了近一半的患者（49.51%），其次是真菌性（28.88%）、细菌性（22.63%）和其他（3.1%）。观察到最常见的性传播疾病是生殖器疱疹，有101名（24.48%）患者，其次是念珠菌性龟头炎（17.1%）。33名（5.7%）患者被诊断患有不止一种性传播疾病。其中，13名患者HIV血清学呈阳性，患病率为2.12%。
性传播疾病的流行病学特征不断变化，本研究发现病毒性和真菌性传播疾病有所增加，细菌性传播疾病呈下降趋势，这与其他地区的研究结果相当。
