Nayeri Tooran, Sarvi Shahabeddin, Abedian Rohallah, Gohardehi Shaban, Hosseini Seyed Abdollah, Daryani Ahmad
Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Iran J Public Health. 2022 Sep;51(9):1964-1976. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v51i9.10551.
Toxoplasmosis is one of the most important zoonotic parasitic diseases worldwide with a high impact on human and animal health. Body fluids such as milk are used to diagnose many parasitic diseases, including toxoplasmosis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of milk as a non-invasive and alternative sample for serum in the diagnosis of animal toxoplasmosis.
Five English-language databases (ScienceDirect, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science) were explored for published articles before Dec 2020.
In total, 42 out of 2256 published articles were included in this systematic review. In 21 articles, serum and milk samples were evaluated simultaneously with serological or molecular tests, and the results were compared. The results of descriptive studies and a review of nine experimental studies showed that milk could be used as a non-invasive and alternative sample for the serum in the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis.
Due to the relatively high prevalence of () infection in milk, consumption of raw milk from infected animals can be a potential source of human infection and a significant threat to public health. On the other hand, due to the ease and cheapness of collecting milk samples, the use of milk is recommended for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis.
弓形虫病是全球最重要的人畜共患寄生虫病之一，对人类和动物健康有重大影响。牛奶等体液被用于诊断包括弓形虫病在内的许多寄生虫病。因此，本研究旨在探讨牛奶作为血清的非侵入性替代样本在动物弓形虫病诊断中的作用。
检索了五个英文数据库（科学Direct、PubMed、ProQuest、Scopus和Web of Science），查找2020年12月之前发表的文章。
本系统评价共纳入2256篇已发表文章中的42篇。在21篇文章中，血清和牛奶样本通过血清学或分子检测同时进行评估，并对结果进行比较。描述性研究结果以及对九项实验研究的综述表明，牛奶可作为血清的非侵入性替代样本用于弓形虫病的诊断。
由于牛奶中（）感染的患病率相对较高，食用受感染动物的生牛奶可能是人类感染的潜在来源，对公共卫生构成重大威胁。另一方面，由于采集牛奶样本简便且成本低廉，建议使用牛奶来诊断弓形虫病。
