中风康复中的营养补充：一项叙述性综述。
Nutritional Supplementation in Stroke Rehabilitation: A Narrative Review.
作者信息
Ko Sung-Hwa, Shin Yong-Il
机构信息
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Hospital and Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, Korea.
出版信息
Brain Neurorehabil. 2022 Mar 25;15(1):e3. doi: 10.12786/bn.2022.15.e3. eCollection 2022 Mar.
Malnutrition is associated with increased mortality and poor functional recovery after stroke. Most guidelines for stroke rehabilitation strongly recommend nutritional screening for malnutrition. Nutritional status after stroke is related to long-term outcomes, and nutritional supplementation is recommended for stroke patients with malnutrition and those at risk of malnutrition. However, routine nutritional supplementation in stroke patients, regardless of nutritional status, is not correlated with improved functional outcomes, and nutritional supplementation is not recommended if the nutritional status is adequate. Nutritional supplementation with protein, amino acids, vitamins, and minerals positively affects recovery after stroke, with improvements seen in motor function, cognition, activities of living, and mood. However, the evidence is insufficient due to the small number of studies and the lack of well-designed randomized controlled studies. Therefore, nutritional supplementation for stroke patients in rehabilitation should not be uniform, and individual nutritional interventions based on an assessment of the patient's nutritional status should be provided.
营养不良与中风后死亡率增加及功能恢复不佳相关。大多数中风康复指南强烈建议对营养不良进行营养筛查。中风后的营养状况与长期预后相关，建议对营养不良及有营养不良风险的中风患者进行营养补充。然而，无论营养状况如何，对中风患者进行常规营养补充与功能预后改善并无关联，若营养状况良好则不建议进行营养补充。补充蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素和矿物质的营养补充对中风后的恢复有积极影响，在运动功能、认知、生活活动及情绪方面均有改善。然而，由于研究数量较少且缺乏设计良好的随机对照研究，证据并不充分。因此，中风康复患者的营养补充不应一概而论，应基于对患者营养状况的评估提供个体化营养干预。
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