Department of Physics and Astronomy, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
Phys Chem Chem Phys. 2023 Feb 15;25(7):5758-5775. doi: 10.1039/d2cp05583j.
Li-ion batteries have held the dominant position in battery research for the last 30+ years. However, due to inadequate resources and the cost of necessary elements (, lithium ore) in addition to safety issues concerning the components and construction, it has become more important to look at alternative technologies. Multivalent metal batteries with solid-state electrolytes are a potential option for future battery applications. The synthesis and characterisation of divalent hydrated -monocarborane salts - Mg[CBH]·HO, Ca[CBH]·HO, and Zn[CBH]·HO - have shown potential as solid-state electrolytes. The coordination of a solvent ( HO) to the cation in these complexes shows a significant improvement in ionic conductivity, for Zn[CBH]·HO dried at 100 °C (10 S cm at 170 °C) and dried at 150 °C (10 S cm at 170 °C). Solvent choice also proved important with the ionic conductivity of Mg[CBH]·3en (en = ethylenediamine) being higher than that of Mg[CBH]·3.1HO (2.6 × 10 S cm and 1.7 × 10 S cm at 100 °C, respectively), however, the oxidative stability was lower (<1 V (Mg/Mg) and 1.9 V (Mg/Mg), respectively). Thermal characterisation of the divalent -monocarborane salts showed melting and desolvation, prior to high temperature decomposition.
锂离子电池在过去 30 多年中一直占据电池研究的主导地位。然而，由于资源不足和必要元素（如锂矿石）的成本问题，以及组件和结构的安全问题，寻找替代技术变得更加重要。具有固态电解质的多价金属电池是未来电池应用的一个潜在选择。二价水合-单硼烷盐（Mg[CBH]·HO、Ca[CBH]·HO 和 Zn[CBH]·HO）的合成和表征显示出作为固态电解质的潜力。在这些配合物中，溶剂（HO）与阳离子的配位显示出离子电导率的显著提高，在 100°C 下干燥的 Zn[CBH]·HO（在 170°C 时为 10 S cm）和在 150°C 下干燥的 Zn[CBH]·HO（在 170°C 时为 10 S cm）。溶剂选择也被证明很重要，Mg[CBH]·3en（en = 乙二胺）的离子电导率高于 Mg[CBH]·3.1HO（分别为 2.6×10 S cm 和 1.7×10 S cm 在 100°C 时），但氧化稳定性较低（<1 V（Mg/Mg）和 1.9 V（Mg/Mg））。二价-单硼烷盐的热特性表明在高温分解之前发生熔融和去溶剂化。
