Meng Xueguang, Liu Xinyu, Chen Zengshuang, Wu Jianghao, Chen Gang
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environment and Control for Flight Vehicle, State key laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, School of Aerospace, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China.
School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China.
Bioinspir Biomim. 2023 Feb 23;18(2). doi: 10.1088/1748-3190/acb97c.
In this study, we performed successive unilateral and bilateral wing shearing to simulate wing damage in droneflies () and measured the wing kinematics using high-speed photography technology. Two different shearing types were considered in the artificial wing damage. The aerodynamic force and power consumption were obtained by numerical method. Our major findings are the following. Different shearing methods have little influence on the kinematics, forces and energy consumption of insects. Following wing damage, among the potential strategies to adjust the three Euler angles of the wing, adjusting stroke angle () in isolation, or combing the adjustment of stroke angle () with pitch angle (), contributed most to the change in vertical force. The balance of horizontal thrust can be restored by the adjustment of deviation angle () under the condition of unilateral wing damage. Considering zero elastic energy storage, the mass-specific power () increases significantly following wing damage. However, the increase in mass-specific power with 100% elastic energy storage () is very small. The extra cost of the unilateral wing damage is that the energy consumption of the damaged wing and intact wing is highly asymmetrical when zero elastic energy storage is considered. The insects may alleviate the problems of increasing power consumption and asymmetric power distribution by storage and reuse of the negative inertial work of the wing.
在本研究中，我们对食蚜蝇进行连续的单侧和双侧翅剪切以模拟翅损伤，并使用高速摄影技术测量翅运动学。在人工翅损伤中考虑了两种不同的剪切类型。通过数值方法获得气动力和功耗。我们的主要发现如下。不同的剪切方法对昆虫的运动学、力和能量消耗影响很小。翅损伤后，在调整翅的三个欧拉角的潜在策略中，单独调整冲程角，或结合冲程角与俯仰角的调整，对垂直力的变化贡献最大。在单侧翅损伤的情况下，通过调整偏航角可恢复水平推力的平衡。考虑零弹性能量存储时，翅损伤后单位质量功率显著增加。然而，当有100%弹性能量存储时，单位质量功率的增加非常小。单侧翅损伤的额外代价是，在考虑零弹性能量存储时，受损翅和未受损翅的能量消耗高度不对称。昆虫可能通过存储和再利用翅的负惯性功来缓解功耗增加和功率分布不对称的问题。
