《美国全人群研究计划中青光眼患者社会经济因素与就诊依从性的关联》
Associations between Socioeconomic Factors and Visit Adherence among Patients with Glaucoma in the All of Us Research Program.
机构信息
Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Division of Ophthalmology Informatics and Data Science, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology and Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; Health Sciences Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Division of Ophthalmology Informatics and Data Science, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology and Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
出版信息
Ophthalmol Glaucoma. 2023 Jul-Aug;6(4):405-412. doi: 10.1016/j.ogla.2023.01.008. Epub 2023 Feb 4.
PURPOSE
To identify socioeconomic factors associated with visit adherence among patients with glaucoma in a nationwide cohort.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
SUBJECTS
All subjects were participants in the National Institutes of Health All of Us Research Program. This study cohort consists of participants who were diagnosed with glaucoma and who answered the question on the Health Care Access and Utilization Survey regarding whether they have seen an eye care provider in the last 12 months.
METHODS
Descriptive analyses were conducted based on participant age, gender, race/ethnicity, insurance status, level of education, and income bracket. Multivariable logistic regression adjusting for these factors was used to generate odds ratios (ORs) for the association between socioeconomic factors and visit adherence.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Visit adherence, defined as reporting seeing an eye care provider in the last 12 months.
RESULTS
Among 4517 patients with glaucoma, 730 (16.3%) indicated that they had not seen or spoken to an eye doctor in the last 12 months. In multivariable models, those with some college education (OR: 1.91; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-3.04) and those with a college degree or advanced degree (OR: 2.25; 95% CI: 1.39-3.60) and those with the highest annual income of ≥ $200 000 (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.10-2.45) were more likely to have seen an eye doctor in the past year compared with those in the lowest education and income categories, respectively.
CONCLUSION
Lower income and education levels were significantly associated with lower odds of seeing an eye doctor in the past year among all patients with glaucoma in All of Us. This highlights an important health disparity and may inform subsequent interventions to promote improved adherence to clinical guidelines regarding eye care for glaucoma monitoring and management.
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
目的
在全国范围内的队列研究中，确定与青光眼患者就诊依从性相关的社会经济因素。
设计
横断面研究。
研究对象
所有研究对象均为美国国立卫生研究院所有美国人研究计划的参与者。本研究队列包括被诊断为青光眼且回答了医疗保健获取和利用调查中关于他们在过去 12 个月内是否看过眼科医生的问题的参与者。
方法
根据参与者的年龄、性别、种族/民族、保险状况、教育程度和收入水平进行描述性分析。调整这些因素的多变量逻辑回归用于生成社会经济因素与就诊依从性之间关联的优势比（OR）。
主要观察指标
就诊依从性，定义为报告在过去 12 个月内看过眼科医生。
结果
在 4517 例青光眼患者中，730 例（16.3%）表示在过去 12 个月内未看过或与眼科医生交谈过。在多变量模型中，那些具有大学学历（OR：1.91；95%置信区间[CI]：1.19-3.04）和那些具有大学学位或高级学位（OR：2.25；95% CI：1.39-3.60）以及那些年收入最高的人（OR：1.64；95% CI：1.10-2.45）与收入和教育水平最低的人相比，过去一年看眼科医生的可能性更大。
结论
在所有 All of Us 青光眼患者中，较低的收入和教育水平与过去一年看眼科医生的可能性较低显著相关。这突显了一个重要的健康差距，并可能为随后的干预措施提供信息，以促进改善青光眼监测和管理的眼科保健临床指南的依从性。
金融披露
参考文献后可能会发现专有或商业披露。
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