Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
Trauma Violence Abuse. 2024 Jan;25(1):327-340. doi: 10.1177/15248380221150949. Epub 2023 Feb 6.
Health professionals play a significant role in identifying and reporting child physical abuse (CPA). However, several studies have pointed out non-reporting behavior among these professionals, evidencing difficulties identifying and reporting suspected cases. This review aimed to explore the frequency and possible barriers in identifying and reporting CPA by health professionals worldwide and to identify associated factors. This scoping review was conducted in the Pubmed, Web Of Science, Scopus, and SciELO databases between July 2019 and December 2020. Analytical and qualitative observational epidemiological studies were selected and published in English, Portuguese, and Spanish, with data on the identification and/or reporting of CPA by health professionals. Twenty studies fulfilled the criteria of this review. The studies were conducted with dentists, nurses, pediatricians, and general practitioners. The frequency of identification of CPA ranged from 50% to 89%, while the frequency of reporting ranged from 8% to 47%. This review revealed that health professionals had a low frequency of reporting of CPA, especially for dentists. In addition, several associated factors and barriers in the identification and reporting of CPA were identified in the studies. These were discussed in five main themes: training and continuing education in CPA, impact on professional practice, experiences and perceptions about child protection services, the threshold for suspicion of the professional, and the professional category.
健康专业人员在识别和报告儿童身体虐待（CPA）方面发挥着重要作用。然而，有几项研究指出，这些专业人员存在不报告的行为，这表明他们在识别和报告疑似病例方面存在困难。本综述旨在探讨全球健康专业人员识别和报告 CPA 的频率和可能存在的障碍，并确定相关因素。本范围综述于 2019 年 7 月至 2020 年 12 月在 Pubmed、Web Of Science、Scopus 和 SciELO 数据库中进行。选择并发表了分析性和定性观察性流行病学研究，这些研究的数据涉及健康专业人员对 CPA 的识别和/或报告。有 20 项研究符合本综述的标准。这些研究是在牙医、护士、儿科医生和全科医生中进行的。CPA 的识别频率从 50%到 89%不等，而报告频率从 8%到 47%不等。本综述表明，健康专业人员报告 CPA 的频率较低，尤其是牙医。此外，研究中还确定了在识别和报告 CPA 方面的几个相关因素和障碍。这些障碍在五个主要主题中进行了讨论：在 CPA 方面的培训和继续教育、对专业实践的影响、对儿童保护服务的经验和看法、专业人员的怀疑阈值以及专业类别。
