Agroalimentary Institute of Aragon-IA2, Department of Animal Pathology, Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Zaragoza, Spain.
Department of Animal Pathology, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Reprod Domest Anim. 2023 May;58(5):571-582. doi: 10.1111/rda.14326. Epub 2023 Feb 20.
Protocols for fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) in swine reproduction can help increase genetic improvement and production efficiency. Different gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists have been developed to gain better control of follicular development, timing, and ovulation quality; therefore, they have been extensively used in FTAI protocols. This literature review resumes the most important characteristics of the physiology of follicular development and ovulation in sows, followed by a discussion about the hormonal alternatives available to induce ovulation (human chorionic gonadotropin, hCG; porcine luteinizing hormone, LH and GnRH agonists). Also, ovulation induction failures with GnRH agonists are described. Finally, current FTAI protocols with GnRH agonists are resumed and discussed. FTAI with GnRH agonists has proven to be an efficient, successful reproductive protocol that can be implemented in pig farms due to better knowledge of an endocrine system that regulates follicular development and ovulation and increased availability of several GnRH agonists that allow more efficient reproductive swine programs.
猪繁殖中定时人工授精（FTAI）的方案有助于提高遗传改良和生产效率。不同的促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）激动剂已被开发出来，以更好地控制卵泡发育、时间和排卵质量；因此，它们已被广泛应用于 FTAI 方案中。本文献综述总结了母猪卵泡发育和排卵生理学的最重要特征，随后讨论了可用于诱导排卵的激素替代物（人绒毛膜促性腺激素、hCG；猪促黄体生成素、LH 和 GnRH 激动剂）。此外，还描述了 GnRH 激动剂诱导排卵失败的情况。最后，总结和讨论了当前使用 GnRH 激动剂的 FTAI 方案。使用 GnRH 激动剂的 FTAI 已被证明是一种高效、成功的繁殖方案，由于对调节卵泡发育和排卵的内分泌系统有了更好的了解，并且有几种 GnRH 激动剂可供使用，从而可以更有效地进行繁殖猪计划，因此可以在养猪场实施。
