Chuluunbat Suvdtsetseg, Boldgiv Bazartseren, Morse John C
Department of Biology, Mongolian National University of Education, Baga toiruu 14, Ulaanbaatar 14191, Mongolia Mongolian National University of Education Ulaanbaatar Mongolia.
Department of Biology, National University of Mongolia, Ikh surguuliin Gudamj 1, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia National University of Mongolia Ulaanbaatar Mongolia.
Zookeys. 2022 Jul 11;1111:245-265. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1111.76239. eCollection 2022.
To establish the biogeographic affinities of the caddisfly fauna of Mongolia, published records and results of our faunistic studies were analyzed. This study captured more than 47,000 adults collected from 386 locations beside lakes, ponds, streams/rivers, and springs in ten sub-basins of Mongolia using Malaise traps, aerial sweeping, and ultraviolet lights. In total, 201 species have been recorded, and approximately 269 species may occur in Mongolia according to our estimation. In a comparison of species richness for the family level, the Limnephilidae and Leptoceridae were the richest in species. The families Brachycentridae, Glossosomatidae, and Psychomyiidae had low species richness, but they included the most dominant species in terms of abundance and/or the percentage of occurrence in the samples from multiple sub-basins. Comparing the sub-basins, the Selenge had the highest Shannon diversity (H' = 3.3) and the Gobi sub-basin had the lowest (H' = 1.5). According to the Jaccard index of similarity, caddisfly species assemblages of Mongolia's ten sub-basins were divided into two main groups: One group includes the Selenge, Shishkhed, Bulgan, Tes, and Depression of Great Lakes sub-basins; the other group includes the Kherlen, Onon, Khalkh Gol, Valley of Lakes, and Gobi sub-basins. The majority of Mongolian species were composed of East Palearctic taxa, with a small percentage of West Palearctic and Nearctic representatives and an even smaller percentage from the Oriental region, suggesting that the Mongolian Gobi Desert is, and has been, a significant barrier to the distribution of caddisfly species between China and Mongolia.
为确定蒙古毛翅目昆虫区系的生物地理亲缘关系，我们分析了已发表的记录以及我们在区系研究中的成果。本研究使用马氏网、空中扫捕和紫外灯，从蒙古十个子流域的湖泊、池塘、溪流/河流和泉眼附近的386个地点捕获了47000多只成虫。总共记录了201个物种，据我们估计，蒙古可能有大约269个物种。在科级物种丰富度比较中，沼石蛾科和长角石蛾科的物种最为丰富。短石蛾科、扁角石蛾科和幽石蛾科的物种丰富度较低，但它们包含了多个子流域样本中数量最多和/或出现频率最高的优势物种。比较各子流域，色楞格流域的香农多样性最高（H' = 3.3），戈壁子流域最低（H' = 1.5）。根据杰卡德相似性指数，蒙古十个子流域的毛翅目物种组合分为两个主要组：一组包括色楞格、希什赫德、布尔干、特斯和大湖洼地子流域；另一组包括克鲁伦、鄂嫩、哈尔赫勒河、湖泊谷地和戈壁子流域。蒙古的大多数物种由东古北界类群组成，有一小部分是西古北界和新北界的代表，来自东洋区的比例更小，这表明蒙古戈壁沙漠一直是中国和蒙古之间毛翅目物种分布的重要障碍。
