National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Univ. Littoral Côte d'Opale, UMRt 1158 BioEcoAgro, USC ANSES, INRAe, Univ. Artois, Univ. Lille, Univ. Picardie Jules Verne, Univ. Liège, Junia, France.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2024;64(20):6881-6901. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2176815. Epub 2023 Feb 10.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease and has been studied extensively in recent years as no promising therapy available so far for its treatment and remains a great challenge for health care specialists. Although the identification of some major mechanisms that contribute to this disease suggests a plethora of bioactive agents in tackling the associated complications yet OA's pathophysiology is still poorly understood owing to complex mechanistic changes observed. Experimental research is now exploring a wide range of therapeutically effective agents in an effort to find a way to repair OA-related joint degeneration and halt it from getting worse. Data was acquired and reviewed from most relevant and recent studies. This review summarizes the studies that are currently available and focuses on how various unconventional functional oils affect osteoarthritis and the affected joint tissues. An analysis of the recent scientific literature allowed us to highlight the potential anti-arthritic properties of edible oils and their main constituents, which seems to suggest an interesting new potential therapeutic application. Due to eccentric nature of OA, it is necessary to concentrate initially on the management of symptoms. The evidence supporting functional oils chondroprotective potential is still accumulating, underpinning a global need for more sustainable natural sources of treatment. More clinical research that focuses on the consequences of long-term treatment, possible negative effects, and epigenetic implications is necessary to get optimistic results. However, different animal or clinical studies suggest that linolenic and linoleic fatty acids decreased chondrocyte oxidative stress, cartilage breakdown, and expression of inflammatory markers. Distinct fatty acids along with minor components of oils also reduced the generation of prostaglandins and decreased oxidative stress. Furthermore, the potential roles of the main components of edible oils and possible negative results (if any) are also reported. While no severe side effects have been reported for any edible oils. Overall, these studies identify and support the use of functional oils as an adjuvant therapy for the management of OA and as a means of symptomatic alleviation for OA patients. However, to prove the effectiveness or to draw precise conclusions, high-quality clinical trials are required.
骨关节炎（OA）是一种常见的关节疾病，近年来受到广泛研究，因为目前尚无有效的治疗方法，这对医疗保健专家来说仍是一大挑战。尽管已经确定了一些导致这种疾病的主要机制，提出了许多生物活性物质来应对相关并发症，但由于观察到复杂的机制变化，OA 的病理生理学仍未被充分理解。目前的实验研究正在探索广泛的治疗有效药物，以找到一种方法来修复与 OA 相关的关节退化并阻止其恶化。本文从大多数相关和最近的研究中获取和综述数据。本文综述了目前可用的研究，重点介绍了各种非常规功能性油类如何影响骨关节炎和受影响的关节组织。对最近科学文献的分析使我们能够强调食用油脂及其主要成分的潜在抗关节炎特性，这似乎表明了一种有趣的新的潜在治疗应用。由于 OA 的偏心性质，最初有必要集中于症状的管理。支持功能性油类对软骨保护作用的证据仍在不断积累，这突显了对更可持续的天然治疗来源的全球需求。需要更多关注长期治疗的后果、可能的负面影响和表观遗传影响的临床研究，以获得乐观的结果。然而，不同的动物或临床研究表明，亚油酸和亚麻酸可降低软骨细胞的氧化应激、软骨分解和炎症标志物的表达。不同的脂肪酸以及油类的少量成分也减少了前列腺素的产生并降低了氧化应激。此外，还报告了食用油脂的主要成分的潜在作用以及可能的负面结果（如果有）。虽然没有报告任何食用油脂有严重的副作用。总的来说，这些研究确定并支持将功能性油类作为 OA 管理的辅助治疗以及 OA 患者症状缓解的手段。然而，需要高质量的临床试验来证明其有效性或得出精确的结论。
