National Research Institute of Animal Production, Department of Poultry Breeding, 32-083 Balice k. Krakowa, Poland.
National Research Institute of Animal Production, Department of Poultry Breeding, 32-083 Balice k. Krakowa, Poland.
Poult Sci. 2023 Apr;102(4):102500. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102500. Epub 2023 Jan 13.
The study aimed to determine the effect of castration on physicochemical properties of meat from capons derived from the crossing of Rhode Island Red (R-11) hens and meat roosters. Subjects were 100 crossbred cockerels, which were randomly assigned to 2 groups of 50 each. Group I (control) consisted of intact cockerels and birds from group II were subjected to castration. The castration was performed at 7 wk of age under local anesthesia by a veterinarian. All birds were fed ad libitum with the same feed mixtures and placed on litter under optimal environmental conditions at a stocking density of 5 birds/m. At the end of fattening (20 wk of age), 10 birds whose body weight was similar to group average, were selected from each group for slaughter. After slaughter, the birds were analyzed for dressing percentage and physicochemical parameters of breast and leg muscles, which were subjected to sensory evaluation. The results demonstrated that compared to intact cockerels, capons were characterized by significantly higher body weight, dressing percentage and carcass muscle content. Both the breast and leg muscles of the capons showed better physicochemical parameters and higher sensory score. It is therefore concluded that the birds derived from the crossing of Rhode Island Red (R-11) hens and meat roosters are good material for capon production, their meat is a product of distinctly higher quality.
本研究旨在确定去势对源自 Rhode Island Red（R-11）母鸡与肉用公鸡杂交的阉鸡的肉质理化特性的影响。研究对象为 100 只杂交公鸡，随机分为两组，每组 50 只。第 I 组（对照组）由未去势的公鸡组成，第 II 组的公鸡接受去势。去势在 7 周龄时由兽医在局部麻醉下进行。所有公鸡均自由采食相同的饲料混合物，并在最佳环境条件下放置在垫料上，饲养密度为 5 只/平方米。在育肥结束时（20 周龄），从每组中选择 10 只体重与组平均体重相似的公鸡进行屠宰。屠宰后，对公鸡进行屠宰率和胸肌、腿肌理化参数分析，并进行感官评价。结果表明，与未去势的公鸡相比，阉鸡的体重、屠宰率和胴体肌肉含量显著更高。阉鸡的胸肌和腿肌均表现出更好的理化参数和更高的感官评分。因此，可以得出结论，源自 Rhode Island Red（R-11）母鸡与肉用公鸡杂交的公鸡是生产阉鸡的良好材料，其肉质明显更高品质。
