Department of Psychoeducation, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche universitaire sur les jeunes et les familles, Québec, Canada.
Department of Psychology, Université de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada; Centre de recherche Charles-Le Moyne, Longueuil, Canada; Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, Canada.
Child Abuse Negl. 2023 Apr;138:106075. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106075. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
Exposure to environmental risk factors increases the negative impact maltreatment has on children's development. Sleep ecology (i.e., sleep hygiene and home sleeping conditions) can be one of these factors. Poor sleep hygiene and suboptimal home sleeping conditions can alter sleep characteristics, which in turn, may lead to behavior problems (BPs), highly prevalent in maltreated preschoolers.
Describe sleep ecology in maltreated preschoolers and explore associations between their sleep ecology, objective sleep characteristics and BPs.
Parents (n = 22) completed the Children's Sleep Hygiene Scale (CSHS), and a sleep environment questionnaire to document sleep ecology. Children wore an actigraph to record objective sleep characteristics. Parents completed the Behavioral Assessment Scale for Children (BASC-2) to assess children's BPs. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed.
Most of the parents (90.5 %) reported adequate sleep hygiene. However, 20 parents (95.2 %) reported suboptimal home sleeping conditions. Better physiological and overall sleep hygiene were related to earlier sleep onset. Better emotional sleep hygiene was associated with shorter nighttime awakenings and better sleep efficiency. Later sleep onset was associated with lower anxiety, and longer 24-hour sleep duration with higher somatization. Better physiological sleep hygiene was associated with less depression, and better emotional sleep hygiene with less hyperactivity.
This study showed that sleep hygiene could be associated with maltreated preschoolers' sleep characteristics and BPs, and that their home sleeping conditions may be of concern. Associations between sleep ecology, objective sleep characteristics and BPs deserve to be better understood, and further explored.
暴露于环境风险因素会增加虐待对儿童发展的负面影响。睡眠生态学（即睡眠卫生和家庭睡眠环境）可能是其中一个因素。不良的睡眠卫生和不理想的家庭睡眠环境会改变睡眠特征，进而导致行为问题（BPs），在受虐待的学龄前儿童中非常普遍。
描述受虐待的学龄前儿童的睡眠生态学，并探讨其睡眠生态学、客观睡眠特征与 BPs 之间的关系。
家长（n=22）完成了《儿童睡眠卫生量表》（CSHS）和一份睡眠环境问卷，以记录睡眠生态学。儿童佩戴活动记录仪记录客观睡眠特征。家长完成了《儿童行为评估量表》（BASC-2），以评估儿童的 BPs。进行了描述性和相关性分析。
大多数家长（90.5%）报告睡眠卫生良好。然而，有 20 位家长（95.2%）报告家庭睡眠环境不理想。更好的生理和整体睡眠卫生与较早的入睡时间有关。更好的情绪睡眠卫生与夜间觉醒时间较短和睡眠效率提高有关。较晚的入睡时间与较低的焦虑有关，而较长的 24 小时睡眠时间与较高的躯体化有关。更好的生理睡眠卫生与较低的抑郁有关，而更好的情绪睡眠卫生与较少的多动有关。
本研究表明，睡眠卫生可能与受虐待的学龄前儿童的睡眠特征和 BPs 有关，而且他们的家庭睡眠环境可能值得关注。睡眠生态学、客观睡眠特征与 BPs 之间的关系值得进一步理解和探讨。
