Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 May 1;871:162100. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162100. Epub 2023 Feb 9.
Exposure to disinfection by-products has been associated with several allergic diseases, but its association with allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies remains inconclusive.
We included 932 U.S. adolescents and 2187 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2006 who had quantified blood THM concentrations [chloroform (TCM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), dibromochloromethane (DBCM), and bromoform (TBM)] and 19 allergen-specific IgE antibodies. The odds ratios (ORs) of allergen-specific sensitization per 2.7-fold increment in blood THM concentrations were estimated by multivariable logistic regression models.
Blood THM concentrations were unrelated to any allergen-specific sensitization in adults. Among adolescents, however, we found positive associations between blood TCM and chlorinated THMs (Cl-THMs: sum of TCM, BDCM, and DBCM) concentrations and the odds of pet sensitization [OR = 1.28 (95 % CI: 1.05, 1.55) and 1.38 (1.15, 1.65), respectively, per each 2.7-fold increment], between blood BDCM concentrations and the odds of mold [OR = 1.47 (1.24, 1.74)], plant [OR = 1.25 (1.09, 1.43)], pet [OR = 1.27 (1.07, 1.52)], and food sensitization [OR = 1.18 (1.03, 1.36)], and between blood brominated THM (Br-THMs: sum of BDCM, DBCM, and TBM) and total THM (TTHMs: sum of 4 THMs) concentrations and the odds of mold [OR = 1.52 (1.30 1.78) and 1.30 (1.03, 1.65), respectively], dust mite [OR = 1.39 (1.06, 1.82) and 1.45 (1.06, 1.98), respectively], and pet sensitization [OR = 1.42 (1.05, 1.92) and 1.54 (1.19, 1.98), respectively].
Higher blood concentrations of THMs were associated with a greater risk of allergic sensitization among U.S. adolescents but not in adults.
接触消毒副产物与多种过敏性疾病有关，但与过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白 E（IgE）抗体的关系仍不确定。
我们纳入了 932 名美国青少年和 2187 名成年人，他们来自 2005-2006 年的全国健康和营养调查，这些人都有量化的血液三卤甲烷浓度[氯仿（TCM）、溴二氯甲烷（BDCM）、二溴氯甲烷（DBCM）和溴仿（TBM）]和 19 种过敏原特异性 IgE 抗体。通过多变量逻辑回归模型，估计了血液三卤甲烷浓度每增加 2.7 倍与过敏原特异性致敏的比值比（OR）。
成人血液三卤甲烷浓度与任何过敏原特异性致敏均无关。然而，在青少年中，我们发现血液 TCM 和氯化三卤甲烷（Cl-THMs：TCM、BDCM 和 DBCM 的总和）浓度与宠物致敏的几率呈正相关[分别为每增加 2.7 倍时的 1.28（95%CI：1.05，1.55）和 1.38（1.15，1.65）]，血液 BDCM 浓度与霉菌致敏的几率呈正相关[1.47（1.24，1.74）]，植物致敏的几率呈正相关[1.25（1.09，1.43）]，宠物致敏的几率呈正相关[1.27（1.07，1.52）]，食物致敏的几率呈正相关[1.18（1.03，1.36）]，血液溴化三卤甲烷（Br-THMs：BDCM、DBCM 和 TBM 的总和）和总三卤甲烷（TTHMs：4 种三卤甲烷的总和）浓度与霉菌致敏的几率呈正相关[1.52（1.30，1.78）和 1.30（1.03，1.65）]，尘螨致敏的几率呈正相关[1.39（1.06，1.82）和 1.45（1.06，1.98）]，宠物致敏的几率呈正相关[1.42（1.05，1.92）和 1.54（1.19，1.98）]。
在美国青少年中，血液三卤甲烷浓度较高与过敏致敏的风险增加有关，但在成人中则没有这种关系。
