Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Korlebu Teaching Hospital, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2023 Feb 10;23(1):82. doi: 10.1186/s12872-023-03103-3.
Heart failure (HF) is recognized as a global public health disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. It is suggested that the main underlying causes of HF in developing countries differ from those identified in well-resourced countries. This study therefore presents the cardiovascular risk factors and the underlying aetiology of HF among admitted patients in a teaching Hospital in Ghana.
The study prospectively recruited 140 consecutive patients admitted for heart failure at the Medical department of the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital from March to October, 2014. The study evaluated the cardiovascular risk factors and the aetiologies of heart failure, and compared the risk factors and aetiologies with patient's age and gender.
The mean age of the study participants was 51.3 ± 16.8 years. The commonest cardiovascular risk factors observed were hypertension (46.5%), history of previous HF (40.7%), excessive alcohol use (38.6%), and family history of heart disease (29.3%); predominantly hypertension (68.3%). The major underlying aetiology of HF were dilated cardiomyopathy (38.6%), hypertensive heart disease (21.4%), ischaemic heart disease (13.6%) and valvular heart disease (12.9%). These underlying aetiology of HF were more common in patients aged 40 years and above (p = 0.004) and those presenting with multiple risk factors (p = 0.001).
The major underlying aetiology of heart failure in adults were dilated cardiomyopathy, hypertensive heart disease, ischaemic heart disease and valvular heart disease, which were significantly high among patients aged 40 years and above and those presenting multiple risk factors. Hypertension, excessive alcohol use, family history of heart disease and personal history of previous heart failure diagnosis are noted as the main cardiovascular risk factors among heart failure patients.
心力衰竭（HF）被认为是一种与高发病率和死亡率相关的全球公共卫生疾病。据建议，发展中国家心力衰竭的主要潜在病因与资源丰富国家确定的病因不同。因此，本研究介绍了加纳一家教学医院住院心力衰竭患者的心血管危险因素和潜在病因。
这项研究前瞻性地招募了 2014 年 3 月至 10 月期间在科勒布教学医院内科住院的 140 名心力衰竭连续患者。该研究评估了心力衰竭的心血管危险因素和病因，并将危险因素和病因与患者的年龄和性别进行了比较。
研究参与者的平均年龄为 51.3±16.8 岁。观察到的最常见心血管危险因素是高血压（46.5%）、心力衰竭既往史（40.7%）、过度饮酒（38.6%）和心脏病家族史（29.3%）；主要是高血压（68.3%）。心力衰竭的主要潜在病因是扩张型心肌病（38.6%）、高血压性心脏病（21.4%）、缺血性心脏病（13.6%）和瓣膜性心脏病（12.9%）。这些心力衰竭的潜在病因在 40 岁及以上的患者中更为常见（p=0.004），并且在有多种危险因素的患者中更为常见（p=0.001）。
成年人心力衰竭的主要潜在病因是扩张型心肌病、高血压性心脏病、缺血性心脏病和瓣膜性心脏病，这些病因在 40 岁及以上的患者和有多种危险因素的患者中显著更高。高血压、过度饮酒、心脏病家族史和心力衰竭既往诊断史是心力衰竭患者的主要心血管危险因素。
