Bologna Local Health Trust, 40124 Bologna, Italy.
IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 17;20(3):1667. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031667.
The WHO European Region defined the role of a new central professional for primary care, the Family and Community Nurse (FCN). The introduction of an FCN in the framework of health policies highlights a key role of nurses in addressing the needs of families and communities. A scoping review was conducted in order to identify and describe the available tools which have been adopted for the assessment of community health needs by FCNs. A comprehensive literature review on the Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and PsycInfo databases was conducted including all studies up to May 2021. A total of 1563 studies were identified and 36 of them were included. The literature review made it possible to identify studies employing twelve different community assessment tools or modalities. Referring to the WHO framework proposed in 2001, some common themes have been identified with an uneven distribution, such as profiling the population, deciding on priorities for action and public healthcare programs, implementing the planned activities, an evaluation of the health outcomes, multidisciplinary activity, flexibility and involving the community. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first attempt to provide an overview of community assessment tools, keeping the guidance provided by the WHO as a reference.
世界卫生组织欧洲区域为初级保健确定了一个新的核心专业人员，即家庭和社区护士（FCN）。在卫生政策框架内引入 FCN，突出了护士在满足家庭和社区需求方面的关键作用。进行了范围界定审查，以确定和描述 FCN 用于评估社区卫生需求的现有工具。对 Embase、Cochrane 图书馆、PubMed、CINAHL、Scopus 和 PsycInfo 数据库进行了全面的文献综述，包括截至 2021 年 5 月的所有研究。确定了 1563 项研究，其中 36 项被纳入。文献综述使我们能够确定使用 12 种不同社区评估工具或模式的研究。参考 2001 年世卫组织提出的框架，已经确定了一些共同的主题，但分布不均，例如对人口进行分析、确定行动和公共医疗保健计划的优先事项、实施计划活动、评估健康结果、多学科活动、灵活性和社区参与。据我们所知，这项工作是首次尝试根据世卫组织的指导提供社区评估工具概述。
