Scrimaglia Susan, Ricci Matteo, Masini Alice, Montalti Marco, Conti Andrea, Camedda Claudia, Panella Massimiliano, Dallolio Laura, Longobucco Yari
Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont Amedeo Avogadro, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Geriatrics (Basel). 2024 Jun 16;9(3):81. doi: 10.3390/geriatrics9030081.
Even though Family and Community Nurses (FCNs) were introduced into the Italian healthcare system in 2000, to date, there is a substantial knowledge gap regarding the implementation of these professional figures within the Primary Care (PC) system. This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive picture of the role of FCNs in managing older adults and the elderly with chronic conditions within the Italian PC system. A search on Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Scopus was conducted including studies published until 7 April 2023. Among 141 potential articles, only 4 met our inclusion criteria. Each of these studies attributed their findings to the presence of FCNs. They reported a significant decrease in the prevalence of several behaviours among patients diagnosed with hypertension, a reduction in metabolic complications among frail patients receiving home enteral nutrition, a decline in hospital readmissions or emergency services utilization among patients >65 years of ages with at least one chronic disease, and, notably, a high level of effectiveness in detecting major cardiovascular events in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices. Despite the effectiveness of interventions managed by FCNs, comprehensive information and research on the integration of this role within the PC setting are still lacking in the Italian healthcare system.
尽管家庭和社区护士于2000年被引入意大利医疗体系，但迄今为止，在初级保健（PC）系统中，对于这些专业人员的实际应用仍存在巨大的知识空白。本综述旨在全面了解意大利初级保健系统中家庭和社区护士在管理患有慢性病的老年人方面的作用。我们检索了Medline、护理及相关健康文献累积索引、Cochrane图书馆、Embase和Scopus，纳入截至2023年4月7日发表的研究。在141篇潜在文章中，只有4篇符合我们的纳入标准。这些研究均将其结果归因于家庭和社区护士的存在。他们报告称，被诊断患有高血压的患者中几种行为的发生率显著下降；接受家庭肠内营养的体弱患者代谢并发症减少；65岁及以上患有至少一种慢性病的患者再次入院或使用急诊服务的情况有所减少；值得注意的是，在检测心脏植入式电子设备患者的重大心血管事件方面具有很高的有效性。尽管家庭和社区护士所管理的干预措施具有有效性，但意大利医疗体系仍缺乏关于在初级保健环境中整合这一角色的全面信息和研究。
