College of Nursing, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 19;20(3):1873. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031873.
Physical and other types of punishment remain common in Bangladesh, despite overwhelming evidence of their harm and worldwide efforts to decrease their use. One of the strategic priorities of Save the Children in Bangladesh's Child Protection Program is to protect children from physical and humiliating punishment in homes, schools, and other settings. Save the Children in Bangladesh selected the Positive Discipline in Everyday Parenting (PDEP) Program to provide parents with alternatives to physical punishment that comply with human rights standards while strengthening relationships and understanding of child development. High-risk communities where children are particularly vulnerable were selected for this project. The PDEP program was delivered to 857 parents living in lower socioeconomic areas of Bangladesh, including ethnic minority groups, and parents living in urban slums of Dhaka and rural brothel areas. Due to the low levels of education of the participants (almost two-thirds of participants had not completed elementary school), simplified pre and posttests were utilized. Following program completion, parents' approval of both physical punishment and punishment in general declined; they were less likely to view typical parent-child conflicts as intentional misbehavior and were less reactive to frustration. In addition, parents indicated an increased understanding of the positive discipline and more confidence in their parenting skills. Before taking PDEP, 64% of the parents often felt like they just did not know what to do as a parent, compared to 34% following program completion. PDEP demonstrated the potential to decrease the use of physical and humiliating punishments by parents living in high-risk communities in Bangladesh.
在孟加拉国，尽管有压倒性的证据表明身体和其他形式的惩罚会造成伤害，且全球范围内都在努力减少其使用，但这种惩罚仍然很常见。拯救儿童会孟加拉国儿童保护项目的战略重点之一是保护儿童免受家庭、学校和其他环境中的身体和羞辱性惩罚。拯救儿童会孟加拉国选择了日常育儿中的积极纪律（Positive Discipline in Everyday Parenting，PDEP）项目，为父母提供了替代身体惩罚的方法，这些方法符合人权标准，同时加强了亲子关系和对儿童发展的理解。该项目选择了儿童特别容易受到伤害的高风险社区。该 PDEP 项目针对 857 名生活在孟加拉国社会经济水平较低地区的父母（包括少数民族群体）以及生活在达卡市区贫民窟和农村妓院地区的父母开展。由于参与者的教育水平较低（近三分之二的参与者没有完成小学教育），因此使用了简化的预测试和后测试。在项目完成后，父母对身体惩罚和一般惩罚的认可程度都有所下降；他们不太可能将典型的亲子冲突视为故意的不良行为，对挫折的反应也不那么强烈。此外，父母表示对积极纪律的理解有所增加，对自己的育儿技能也更有信心。在参加 PDEP 之前，64%的父母经常觉得自己作为父母不知道该怎么做，而在项目完成后，这一比例下降到 34%。PDEP 表明，它有可能减少生活在孟加拉国高风险社区的父母使用身体和羞辱性惩罚的行为。
