S.C. Centro Controllo Direzionale, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Ligure (ASL2), Piazza Pertini, 10, 17100 Savona, Italy.
Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 20;20(3):1948. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031948.
The ageing population, increasingly frail and chronically ill, and COVID-19 pandemic challenges have highlighted national health systems' vulnerability and, more strongly/to a greater extent, the pivotal role of the family and community nurse (FCN). However, the recent introduction of FCNs in primary care settings has yet to be explored in Italy. This study aimed to identify the FCNs' cultural model and its implementation during the COVID-19 outbreak. A focused ethnographic study was performed in a primary care community service in northern Italy. Participants were FCNs (N = 5), patients and caregivers (N = 12). Qualitative data were collected through semi-structured interviews, field notes, observation of FCNs' activities and access to documents. Qualitative analysis identified themes concerned with crucial aspects of FCNs' activities, role implementation, and their relationship with patients and families. This study illuminated how the FCN strategically takes care of and identifies patients' and community needs. Although the COVID-19 outbreak hindered effective FCN project implementation, this study highlighted that the pandemic provided a chance to better identify cultural, organisational and educational weaknesses that need to be addressed to support the full accomplishment of FCNs' scope of practice.
人口老龄化、日益脆弱和慢性病患者增加，以及 COVID-19 大流行带来的挑战，突显了国家卫生系统的脆弱性，更加强调了家庭和社区护士（FCN）的关键作用。然而，FCN 最近在初级保健环境中的引入尚未在意大利得到探索。本研究旨在确定 FCN 在 COVID-19 爆发期间的文化模型及其实施情况。在意大利北部的一个初级保健社区服务中进行了一项重点民族志研究。参与者包括 FCN（N=5）、患者和护理人员（N=12）。通过半结构化访谈、现场记录、观察 FCN 活动和查阅文件收集定性数据。定性分析确定了与 FCN 活动、角色实施的关键方面以及与患者和家庭的关系有关的主题。本研究阐明了 FCN 如何战略性地照顾和识别患者和社区的需求。尽管 COVID-19 大流行阻碍了 FCN 项目的有效实施，但本研究强调，大流行提供了一个机会，可以更好地发现文化、组织和教育方面的弱点，需要加以解决，以支持 FCN 充分发挥其实践范围。
