Department of Geoinformation and Cartography, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 15, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland.
Department of Socio-Economic Geography, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 15, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 22;20(3):2049. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032049.
The study demonstrated that the rate of spatial development is correlated with its fractal dimension. The presented results indicate that the fractal dimension can be a useful tool for describing different phases of urban development. Therefore, the formulated research hypothesis states that the fractal dimension of cities' external boundaries is correlated with the rate of spatial development in urban areas. The above implies that the higher the rate of spatial development, the smoother the external boundaries of urban investment. Rapidly developing cities contribute to considerable changes in land management, in particular in municipalities surrounding the urban core. Urban development processes often induce negative changes in land management and contribute to chaotic and unplanned development. To address these problems, new methods are being developed for modeling and predicting the rate of changes in transitional zones between urban and rural areas. These processes are particularly pronounced in urban space, whose expansion proceeds at an uneven pace. The aim of this study was to propose a method for describing urbanization processes that are based on the dependence between the urban growth rate, the fractal dimension, and basic geometric parameters, such as city area and the length of city boundaries. Based on the calculated changes in the values of these parameters, a classification system was proposed to identify distinctive phases of urban development. The study revealed that land cover databases are highly useful for such analyses. The study was conducted on 58 medium-size European cities with a population of up to 300,000, including France, Germany, Italy, Poland, and Croatia. The study demonstrated that the fractal dimension and the basic geometric parameters of urban boundaries are significantly correlated with the rate of the spatial development of cities. The proposed indicators can be used to describe the spatial development of urban areas and the rate of urban growth. The development of the analyzed cities was modeled with the use of CORINE Land Cover (CLC) data for 2000-2006-2012-2018, acquired under the EU Copernicus program.
该研究表明，空间发展速度与分形维数相关。所呈现的结果表明，分形维数可以成为描述城市发展不同阶段的有用工具。因此，所提出的研究假设指出城市外部边界的分形维数与城市地区空间发展速度相关。这意味着空间发展速度越高，城市投资的外部边界越平滑。快速发展的城市会导致土地管理发生重大变化，特别是在城市核心周围的直辖市。城市发展过程往往会导致土地管理的负面变化，并导致混乱和无计划的发展。为了解决这些问题，正在为模拟和预测城市与农村过渡区的变化速度开发新方法。这些过程在城市空间中尤为明显，其扩张速度不均。本研究旨在提出一种基于城市增长率、分形维数和基本几何参数（如城市面积和城市边界长度）之间的依赖关系来描述城市化进程的方法。基于这些参数值的计算变化，提出了一个分类系统，以识别城市发展的独特阶段。研究表明，土地覆盖数据库对于此类分析非常有用。该研究针对人口在 30 万以下的 58 个欧洲中等城市进行，包括法国、德国、意大利、波兰和克罗地亚。研究表明，分形维数和城市边界的基本几何参数与城市空间发展速度显著相关。所提出的指标可用于描述城市地区的空间发展和城市增长速度。使用欧盟哥白尼计划下获取的 2000-2006-2012-2018 年 CORINE 土地覆盖（CLC）数据对分析城市的发展进行建模。
