Escuela de Psicología y Filosofía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1020000, Chile.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 1;20(3):2627. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032627.
Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a public health problem that affect the quality of life and well-being of people, especially the youth, who have been identified as a high-risk population. Physical inactivity is a key risk factor for NCDs, and an unhealthy diet is a significant driver of NCDs. On the other hand, physical exercise and healthy habits are effective methods of prevention. Although there are scales that measure different behaviors related to NCDs, most of them have been developed in another language (e.g., English) or only focus on one aspect of NCDs. The present study aimed to develop a scale to assess healthy behaviors (i.e., healthy eating and physical exercise) in Spanish-speaking university students, using an instrumental design, with a sample of 369 Chilean university students between 18 and 25 years of age. The results presented show evidence of validity through an exploratory structural equation model (ESEM), reliability estimation through McDonald's omega and Cronbach's alpha, evidence of invariance by sex, and evidence of validity in relation to other variables with an SEM model. It is concluded that the Healthy Behavior Scale, consisting of nine items to measure healthy eating and physical exercise, is a brief instrument with evidence of reliability and validity (CFI = 0.998; TLI = 0.995; and RMSEA = 0.063) for application in a Spanish-speaking university population, offering potential applications in research instruments, screening studies, and the development of new studies for other contexts.
慢性非传染性疾病（NCDs）是一个公共卫生问题，影响着人们的生活质量和幸福感，尤其是年轻人，他们已被确定为高危人群。身体活动不足是 NCDs 的一个关键风险因素，而不健康的饮食是 NCDs 的一个重要驱动因素。另一方面，体育锻炼和健康习惯是预防 NCDs 的有效方法。虽然有一些衡量与 NCDs 相关的不同行为的量表，但大多数都是用另一种语言（例如英语）开发的，或者只关注 NCDs 的一个方面。本研究旨在使用仪器设计开发一种评估西班牙语大学生健康行为（即健康饮食和体育锻炼）的量表，样本为 369 名年龄在 18 至 25 岁之间的智利大学生。研究结果通过探索性结构方程模型（ESEM）显示了有效性的证据，通过 McDonald's omega 和 Cronbach's alpha 进行可靠性估计，通过性别进行不变性证据，并通过 SEM 模型与其他变量进行有效性证据。研究得出结论，健康行为量表由九个衡量健康饮食和体育锻炼的项目组成，是一种简短的工具，具有可靠性和有效性的证据（CFI = 0.998；TLI = 0.995；和 RMSEA = 0.063），适用于西班牙语大学生群体，在研究工具、筛查研究和其他背景下的新研究开发方面具有潜在应用。
