Phytochemistry and Healthy Food Lab (LabFAS), Department of Food Science and Technology (CEBAS-CSIC), Campus Universitario Espinardo-25, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
Agronomic Engineering Department, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena (UPCT), Paseo Alfonso XIII, 48, 30203 Cartagena, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 21;24(3):2140. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032140.
The present study analyses the effect of a beverage composed of citrus and maqui () with different sweeteners on male and female consumers. Beverages were designed and tested (140 volunteers) as a source of polyphenols, in a previous work. Plasma samples were taken before and after two months of daily intake. Samples were measured for bioactive-compound levels with metabolomics techniques, and the resulting data were analysed with advanced versions of ANOVA and clustering analysis, to describe the effects of sex and sweetener factors on bioactive compounds. To improve the results, machine learning techniques were applied to perform feature selection and data imputation. The results reflect a series of compounds which are more regulated for men, such as caffeic acid or 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and for women, trans ferulic acid (TFA) or naringenin glucuronide. Regulations are also observed with sweeteners, such as TFA with stevia in women, or vanillic acid with sucrose in men. These results show that there is a differential regulation of these two families of polyphenols by sex, and that this is influenced by sweeteners.
本研究分析了由柑橘和马基莓（）与不同甜味剂组成的饮料对男性和女性消费者的影响。在之前的一项工作中，设计并测试了这些饮料，将其作为多酚的来源。在两个月的每日摄入前后采集了血浆样本。使用代谢组学技术测量生物活性化合物的水平，并使用先进版本的 ANOVA 和聚类分析对数据进行分析，以描述性别和甜味剂因素对生物活性化合物的影响。为了提高结果的准确性，应用机器学习技术进行特征选择和数据插补。结果反映了一系列更受男性调节的化合物，如咖啡酸或 3,4-二羟基苯乙酸，以及受女性调节的反式阿魏酸（TFA）或柚皮苷葡萄糖醛酸。在甜味剂方面也观察到了一些调节，如女性中的甜菊糖 TFA，或男性中的蔗糖香草酸。这些结果表明，这两类多酚存在由性别差异引起的调节，并且这种调节受到甜味剂的影响。
