Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 25;24(3):2336. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032336.
B cells have emerged as an important immune cell type that can be targeted for therapy in multiple sclerosis (MS). Depleting B cells with anti-CD20 antibodies is effective in treating MS. Yet, atacicept treatment, which blocks B-cell Activating Factor (BAFF) and A Proliferation-Inducing Ligand (APRIL), two cytokines important for B cell development and function, paradoxically increases disease activity in MS patients. The reason behind the failure of atacicept is not well understood. The stark differences in clinical outcomes with these therapies demonstrate that B cells have both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions in MS. In this review, we summarize the importance of B cells in MS and discuss the different B cell subsets that perform inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions and how therapies modulate B cell functions in MS patients. Additionally, we discuss the potential anti-inflammatory functions of BAFF and APRIL on MS disease.
B 细胞已成为一种重要的免疫细胞类型，可以作为多发性硬化症（MS）治疗的靶点。用抗 CD20 抗体清除 B 细胞对治疗 MS 有效。然而，阻断 B 细胞激活因子（BAFF）和增殖诱导配体（APRIL）的 atacicept 治疗，这两种细胞因子对 B 细胞的发育和功能很重要，反而会增加 MS 患者的疾病活动度。atacicept 治疗失败的原因尚不清楚。这些治疗方法在临床结果上的显著差异表明，B 细胞在 MS 中具有炎症和抗炎功能。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 B 细胞在 MS 中的重要性，并讨论了发挥炎症和抗炎功能的不同 B 细胞亚群，以及这些疗法如何调节 MS 患者的 B 细胞功能。此外，我们还讨论了 BAFF 和 APRIL 对 MS 疾病的潜在抗炎作用。
