Melekhina Viktoria Y, Kostyuk Anna V, Smirnova Nina M, Ilyin Sergey O
A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Jan 31;16(3):1209. doi: 10.3390/ma16031209.
The usual way to protect indoor areas from solar UV radiation is to use UV-absorbing materials, which are applied as a thin film on the surface of the windowpane. Asphaltenes are useless wastes from crude oil refining that absorb UV radiation well, which gave the idea of their use in protective coatings. Pressure-sensitive adhesives based on polyisobutylene containing from 5 to 30 wt% of asphaltenes were obtained. Deterioration of the adhesive properties with the introduction of 5-20 wt% of asphaltenes was shown by adhesion tests, which can be associated with the plasticization of the polymer matrix. At the same time, the use of 30 wt% of asphaltenes leads to the polymer matrix reinforcement with the restoration of adhesive properties to the original level or even slightly higher. The rheological study of adhesives at 25 °C and 120 °C showed the structural network formation by asphaltenes at a content of 30 wt%, explaining the increase in adhesion performance. According to microscopy, asphaltenes are flat brown glass shards in a polymer matrix. They absorb electromagnetic radiation, predominantly in the UV range, while maintaining relative translucency in the visible range. This makes it possible to obtain thin films from the asphaltene-filled adhesive for bonding glass sheets to produce UV-blocked and tinted windowpanes.
保护室内区域免受太阳紫外线辐射的常用方法是使用紫外线吸收材料,这些材料以薄膜形式涂覆在窗玻璃表面。沥青质是原油精炼过程中产生的无用废料,但其对紫外线辐射有良好的吸收能力,这促使人们想到将其用于防护涂层。制备了基于聚异丁烯且含有5至30重量%沥青质的压敏胶粘剂。附着力测试表明,引入5至20重量%的沥青质会导致胶粘剂性能变差,这可能与聚合物基体的增塑有关。同时,使用30重量%的沥青质会使聚合物基体增强,胶粘剂性能恢复到原始水平甚至略高。对胶粘剂在25℃和120℃下的流变学研究表明,当沥青质含量为30重量%时会形成结构网络,这解释了附着力性能的提高。根据显微镜观察,沥青质在聚合物基体中是扁平的棕色玻璃碎片。它们主要在紫外线范围内吸收电磁辐射,同时在可见光范围内保持相对的透光性。这使得可以从填充沥青质的胶粘剂中获得薄膜,用于粘结玻璃板以生产防紫外线和带颜色的窗玻璃。