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香辛料、调味料和汤料块在亚洲提供必需微量营养素的潜力:碘和铁强化的情景分析。

The Potential of Condiments, Seasonings, and Bouillon Cubes to Deliver Essential Micronutrients in Asia: Scenario Analyses of Iodine and Iron Fortification.

机构信息

Unilever Foods Innovation Centre, 6708 WH Wageningen, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2023 Jan 25;15(3):616. doi: 10.3390/nu15030616.


DOI:10.3390/nu15030616
PMID:36771323
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9920952/
Abstract

Micronutrient deficiencies are still highly prevalent in Asia. Fortification of cooking aids, such as condiments (fish and soy sauces), seasonings, and bouillon cubes, may be an additional strategy to improve micronutrient intake. The current study evaluated the potential impact of iodine and iron fortification of cooking aids on micronutrient intake in Asian countries. A systematic literature search was performed to collect consumption data from different countries in Asia. Data from 18 studies in nine Asian countries were included. Scenario analyses were performed using different fortification levels based on regulations and literature. Mean intake of cooking aids ranged from 3.2-15.9 g/day for condiments and 0.4-11.7 g/day for seasonings and bouillon cubes. When replacing salt with iodized salt (30 µg of iodine/g of salt), iodine intake would increase by 13-119 µg/day for soy and fish sauces (9-80% of the Nutrient Reference Value (NRV)), and 5-83 µg/day for bouillon cubes and seasonings (4-56% of the NRV). Fortification with iron 0.5 mg/g food product for condiments or 1 mg/g food product for bouillon cubes and seasonings improved iron intake for soy and fish sauces by 1.6-8.0 mg/day (11-57% of the NRV), and for bouillon cubes and seasonings by 0.4-5.6 mg/day (3-40% of the NRV). These results indicate that, depending on the consumption pattern, fortification of cooking aids can be a suitable strategy to increase intake of micronutrients.

摘要

微量营养素缺乏在亚洲仍然普遍存在。强化烹饪辅助品,如调味料(鱼露和酱油)、调味品和汤料块,可能是提高微量营养素摄入的另一种策略。本研究评估了在亚洲国家强化烹饪辅助品中的碘和铁对微量营养素摄入的潜在影响。进行了系统的文献检索,以收集亚洲不同国家的消费数据。纳入了来自亚洲九个国家的 18 项研究的数据。根据法规和文献,使用不同的强化水平进行了情景分析。调味品的烹饪辅助品平均摄入量为 3.2-15.9 克/天,调味料和汤料块为 0.4-11.7 克/天。用加碘盐(盐中含碘 30μg/g)替代盐时,鱼露和酱油中的碘摄入量将增加 13-119μg/天(占营养素参考值(NRV)的 9-80%),汤料块和调味料中的碘摄入量将增加 5-83μg/天(占 NRV 的 4-56%)。调味酱中强化铁 0.5mg/g 食品或汤料块和调味料中强化铁 1mg/g 食品可使鱼露和酱油的铁摄入量增加 1.6-8.0mg/天(占 NRV 的 11-57%),汤料块和调味料中的铁摄入量增加 0.4-5.6mg/天(占 NRV 的 3-40%)。这些结果表明,根据消费模式,强化烹饪辅助品可能是增加微量营养素摄入的一种合适策略。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/f7590374e836/nutrients-15-00616-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/f0fbcff5daff/nutrients-15-00616-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/b8a165d0fe24/nutrients-15-00616-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/ec450fe72e6e/nutrients-15-00616-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/d2320762b745/nutrients-15-00616-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/f5299b53f2c9/nutrients-15-00616-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/9a574821d0c7/nutrients-15-00616-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/f7590374e836/nutrients-15-00616-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/f0fbcff5daff/nutrients-15-00616-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/b8a165d0fe24/nutrients-15-00616-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/ec450fe72e6e/nutrients-15-00616-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/d2320762b745/nutrients-15-00616-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/f5299b53f2c9/nutrients-15-00616-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/9a574821d0c7/nutrients-15-00616-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/13ad/9920952/f7590374e836/nutrients-15-00616-g007.jpg

相似文献

[1]
The Potential of Condiments, Seasonings, and Bouillon Cubes to Deliver Essential Micronutrients in Asia: Scenario Analyses of Iodine and Iron Fortification.

Nutrients. 2023-1-25

[2]
Industrial processing of condiments and seasonings and its implications for micronutrient fortification.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2015-8-27

[3]
The global regulatory landscape regarding micronutrient fortification of condiments and seasonings.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2015-8-6

[4]
The Role of Multiply-Fortified Table Salt and Bouillon in Food Systems Transformation.

Nutrients. 2022-2-26

[5]
Estimation of population iodine intake from iodized salt consumed through bouillon seasoning in Senegal.

Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2015-11

[6]
Bioavailability of iron, vitamin A, zinc, and folic acid when added to condiments and seasonings.

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[7]
The growing importance of staple foods and condiments used as ingredients in the food industry and implications for large-scale food fortification programs in Southeast Asia.

Food Nutr Bull. 2013-6

[8]
An assessment of the impact of fortification of staples and condiments on micronutrient intake in young Vietnamese children.

Nutrients. 2012-8-24

[9]
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Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016-9

[10]
Effect of multiple micronutrient-fortified bouillon on micronutrient status among women and children in the Northern Region of Ghana: Protocol for the Condiment Micronutrient Innovation Trial (CoMIT), a community-based randomized controlled trial.

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引用本文的文献

[1]
Exploring the Causal Effects of Mineral Metabolism Disorders on Telomere and Mitochondrial DNA: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Nutrients. 2024-5-8

[2]
Improving the nutrient quality of foods and beverages using product specific standards for positive nutrients and ingredients will help to increase mean population intakes toward dietary guidelines.

Front Nutr. 2023-12-6

本文引用的文献

[1]
How to Decide the Iodine Content in Salt for a Country-China as an Example.

Nutrients. 2022-11-1

[2]
Improving the Nutrient Quality of Foods and Beverages Using Product Specific Standards for Nutrients to Limit Will Substantially Reduce Mean Population Intakes of Energy, Sodium, Saturated Fat and Sugars towards WHO Guidelines.

Nutrients. 2022-10-14

[3]
Micronutrient deficiencies among preschool-aged children and women of reproductive age worldwide: a pooled analysis of individual-level data from population-representative surveys.

Lancet Glob Health. 2022-11

[4]
Assessment of the contribution of industrially processed foods to salt and iodine intake in Thailand.

PLoS One. 2021

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Data-Driven Dietary Patterns, Nutrient Intake and Body Weight Status in a Cross-Section of Singaporean Children Aged 6-12 Years.

Nutrients. 2021-4-17

[6]
Urinary sodium excretion and dietary sources of sodium intake in community-dwelling Chinese adults aged 50 years and over.

Public Health Nutr. 2021-5

[7]
Dietary Sodium Intake and Food Sources Among Chinese Adults: Data from the CNNHS 2010-2012.

Nutrients. 2020-2-11

[8]
Dietary Intake and Urinary Excretion of Manganese in Korean Healthy Adults.

Biol Trace Elem Res. 2020-8

[9]
Micronutrient deficiencies and their public health implications for South-East Asia.

Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2019-11

[10]
The Dietary Intake and Its Features across Four Seasons in the Metropolis of China.

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 2019

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