盐碱胁迫对中华绒螯蟹组织结构、抗氧化、免疫和代谢组学的影响。
Effects of saline-alkali stress on the tissue structure, antioxidation, immunocompetence and metabolomics of Eriocheir sinensis.
机构信息
Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, People's Republic of China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Saline-alkaline Water Fisheries (Harbin), CAFS, Harbin 150070, People's Republic of China.
Key Open Laboratory of Cold Water Fish Germplasm Resources and Breeding of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, People's Republic of China; Engineering Technology Research Center of Saline-alkaline Water Fisheries (Harbin), CAFS, Harbin 150070, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
Sci Total Environ. 2023 May 1;871:162109. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162109. Epub 2023 Feb 11.
Saline-alkali water resources are abundant and widely distributed in China. The effective utilization of saline-alkali water resources by fishery is of great significance to enhance the aquatic product economy and restore the ecology of saline-alkali environments. Eriocheir sinensis is a saline-alkali water-suitable species. To explore its physiological response to saline-alkali stress, the hepatopancreas tissue structure, antioxidation, immunocompetence and metabolomics were investigated after 96 h of gradient saline-alkali treatment. The results confirmed the hepatopancreas damage through tissue sectioning, abnormal enzyme activity (aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)) and aberrant malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) was significantly upregulated (p < 0.05), which was followed by a decrease trend, indicating the enhancement of antioxidant capacity in response to the stress. Strengthened immunocompetence in response to saline-alkali toxicity was shown in the gradual increase of immune enzyme activity (acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP)) and the upregulated expression of immune genes (hsp 70, hsp 90, proPO and toll). Among the differential metabolites quantified by metabolomics, small peptides were significantly downregulated (p < 0.05), and acylcarnitines were obviously upregulated (p < 0.05), indicating that saline-alkali toxicity inhibited protein catabolism and stimulated the mobilization of energy reserves. Metabolic pathways enriched through the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis suggested that Eriocheir sinensis activated different mechanisms in response to various degrees of stress, such as "ABC transporters" and "purine metabolism" in response to low saline-alkali stress, while "pyrimidine metabolism" and "beta-alanine metabolism" to high saline-alkali stress.
中国的盐碱水资源丰富且分布广泛。渔业对盐碱水资源的有效利用，对于提高水产经济、恢复盐碱环境生态具有重要意义。中华绒螯蟹是一种耐盐碱水的物种。为了探究其对盐碱胁迫的生理响应，本研究在 96 h 梯度盐碱处理后，对其肝胰腺组织结构、抗氧化、免疫和代谢组学进行了研究。组织切片证实了肝胰腺损伤，异常的酶活性（天冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）、丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT））和异常的丙二醛（MDA）含量。超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）的活性显著上调（p < 0.05），随后呈下降趋势，表明抗氧化能力增强以应对应激。免疫酶活性（酸性磷酸酶（ACP）和碱性磷酸酶（AKP））和免疫基因（热休克蛋白 70（hsp 70）、热休克蛋白 90（hsp 90）、原卟啉原氧化酶（proPO）和 toll）的表达上调，表明中华绒螯蟹对盐碱毒性的免疫能力增强。通过代谢组学定量分析的差异代谢物中，小肽显著下调（p < 0.05），酰基辅酶 A 明显上调（p < 0.05），表明盐碱毒性抑制了蛋白质分解代谢，刺激了能量储备的动员。京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）分析富集的代谢途径表明，中华绒螯蟹在不同程度的应激下激活了不同的机制，如“ABC 转运蛋白”和“嘌呤代谢”应对低盐碱应激，而“嘧啶代谢”和“β-丙氨酸代谢”应对高盐碱应激。
Zotero 插件