Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, University of Rio de Janeiro State, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2023 Jan;33:154-163. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2022.09.004. Epub 2022 Sep 27.
The characteristics of physical activity (PA) interventions to improve body mass and composition in pediatric populations are unclear. This systematic review summarized the effects of PA on those outcomes in school-age children and adolescents with overweight or obesity, focusing on training components (frequency, intensity, duration, and type - FITT).
Databases were searched for controlled trials applying exclusive PA and including children (5-12 y) or adolescents (13-17 y) with overweight/obesity.
Twenty-seven trials yielding 34 interventions were included. PA was recreational (children: k = 9, n = 478), systematized (children: k = 18, n = 565); or combined (children: k = 7, n = 205). Successful interventions were performed for 6- to 35 weeks (mostly 12-14 weeks), 2- to 5 d/wk (mostly 3 d/wk), during 8- to 60 min (mainly 60 min) with moderate to high intensity (60-90% maximal heart rate or 40-70% heart rate reserve). Half of the interventions applying recreational (4 out of 8), 59% of systematized (10 out of 17), and 57% of combined (4 out of 7) interventions reported improvements in body mass or composition, especially body fat. Benefits were more often reported for body composition (18 out of 34 interventions) than body mass (8 out of 34 interventions), irrespective of the age group.
Recreational and systematized PA may improve body mass, and particularly body composition in school-age children and adolescents with overweight or obesity. Successful programs were performed for at least six weeks and applied a PA amount consistent with the minimum recommended for pediatric populations (≥60 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA at least 3 d/wk).
改善超重或肥胖儿童青少年体重和体成分的身体活动（PA）干预措施的特点尚不清楚。本系统综述总结了 PA 对超重或肥胖学龄儿童和青少年这些结果的影响，重点关注训练组成部分（频率、强度、持续时间和类型 - FITT）。
检索数据库以查找应用单一 PA 并包括超重/肥胖儿童（5-12 岁）或青少年（13-17 岁）的对照试验。
纳入 27 项试验，共 34 项干预措施。PA 是娱乐性的（儿童：k=9，n=478），系统性的（儿童：k=18，n=565）或综合的（儿童：k=7，n=205）。成功的干预措施进行了 6-35 周（主要是 12-14 周），每周 2-5 天（主要是 3 天/周），每次 8-60 分钟（主要是 60 分钟），强度适中至高（60-90%最大心率或 40-70%心率储备）。8 项娱乐性干预措施中有 4 项（4 分之 1），17 项系统性干预措施中有 59%（10 分之 17）和 7 项综合干预措施中有 57%（7 分之 4）报告体重或成分改善，特别是体脂肪。无论年龄组如何，身体成分（34 项干预措施中的 18 项）的益处比体重（34 项干预措施中的 8 项）更常报道。
娱乐性和系统性 PA 可能改善超重或肥胖学龄儿童和青少年的体重，特别是身体成分。成功的方案至少进行了六周，并进行了与儿科人群推荐量一致的 PA 量（每周至少 3 天进行至少 60 分钟的中等到剧烈 PA）。
