Zhang Qian-Qian, Xing Jin-Bing, Wang Hui-Wei, Liu Jing-Tao, Chen Xi
Key Laboratory of Groundwater Remediation of Hebei Province and China Geological Survey, Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China.
School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2023 Feb 8;44(2):807-815. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202204212.
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as a highly toxic persistent organic pollutant, are commonly found in soil and water environments. In recent years, the pollution of PAHs in groundwater has attracted wide attention from scientists. To study the pollution characteristics and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in groundwater of the coking site, 16 PAHs priorly controlled by the US EPA were analyzed and discussed. In this study, we identified the contamination characteristics of PAHs in groundwater, analyzed the pollution sources of PAHs, and evaluated the ecological risk of PAHs in the coking site by combining statistical techniques, the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, and risk quotient (RQ) methods. The results indicated that the total detection rate of PAHs in groundwater of the coking plant was 46.7%. The concentrations of PAHs in groundwater of the coking plant ranged from below the detection limit to 444.9 μg·L, with the average value of 1.88 μg·L. The concentration of PAHs in the groundwater of different production workshops was significantly different. The most polluted workshop was in the tar-refining area, and the concentration of 16 PAHs was 444.9 μg·L. Based on the PMF model, we identified the two primary contamination sources of PAHs in groundwater of the coking plant:① oil combustion and ② coal and biomass combustion and oil leakage. The contribution ratios of the two sources to PAHs of groundwater were 38.6% and 61.4%, respectively. The results of the ecological risk assessment indicated that Σ in groundwater of the coking plant had high ecological risk, and the ecological risk of single PAHs in 53.4% of the groundwater sampling site was at a high ecological risk level. In conclusion, it is urgent to carry out the treatment and restoration of the groundwater environment in the coking plant site.
多环芳烃（PAHs）作为一种剧毒的持久性有机污染物，普遍存在于土壤和水环境中。近年来，地下水中PAHs的污染问题引起了科学家们的广泛关注。为研究焦化场地地下水中多环芳烃的污染特征和来源，对美国环保署（US EPA）优先控制的16种PAHs进行了分析和讨论。本研究结合统计技术、正定矩阵因子分解（PMF）模型和风险商（RQ）方法，确定了地下水中PAHs的污染特征，分析了PAHs的污染源，并评估了焦化场地PAHs的生态风险。结果表明，焦化厂地下水中PAHs的总检出率为46.7%。焦化厂地下水中PAHs的浓度范围为低于检出限至444.9μg·L，平均值为1.88μg·L。不同生产车间地下水中PAHs的浓度差异显著。污染最严重的车间位于焦油精制区，16种PAHs的浓度为444.9μg·L。基于PMF模型，确定了焦化厂地下水中PAHs的两个主要污染源：①石油燃烧；②煤和生物质燃烧及石油泄漏。这两个污染源对焦化厂地下水中PAHs的贡献率分别为38.6%和61.4%。生态风险评估结果表明，焦化厂地下水中Σ具有较高的生态风险，53.4%的地下水采样点中单一PAHs的生态风险处于高生态风险水平。综上所述，焦化厂场地地下水环境的治理与修复迫在眉睫。
