Wei Wei, Li Ping, Zhou Zhi-Gao, Wang Xing-Xiang, Ding Chang-Feng
School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2023 Feb 8;44(2):1003-1011. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202203071.
In order to understand the differences in the uptake and accumulation of several common exogenous selenium fertilizers by crops, a wheat pot experiment was conducted to study the availability changes in different selenium fertilizers (potassium selenate, potassium selenite, EDTA-chelated selenium, selenium powder, fly ash, and selenium-enriched straw) in soil and their effects on wheat growth and selenium uptake and distribution. The results showed that the change in availability of different exogenous selenium types in soil was different. During the whole growth period of wheat, the soil available selenium proportion of selenate, selenite, and EDTA-chelated selenium treatment was significantly higher than that of the control (CK), respectively, but there was no significant difference between the other treatments and the CK treatment. In the early stage of wheat growth, the soil available selenium proportion of selenate, selenite, and selenium powder treatment decreased gradually and tended to be stable in the later growth stage of wheat; however, the soil available selenium proportion of other exogenous selenium treatments showed a dynamic change of decreasing in the early period and increasing in the late period. The available selenium content in soil significantly affected the selenium uptake by wheat, and there was a significant positive correlation between them. Selenate application significantly increased the grain and leaf biomass of wheat, but other selenium fertilizers had no significant effect on wheat growth. The accumulation capacity of different exogenous selenium fertilizers for wheat followed the order of selenate>selenite, EDTA-chelated selenium>selenium powder, fly ash, and selenium-enriched straw. There was no significant difference between the selenium powder, fly ash, and selenium-enriched straw treatments and the CK treatment. Selenium was more easily transferred to and accumulated in the stems and leaves of wheat after the application of selenate, whereas selenium was more easily transferred to and accumulated in grains after the application of selenite and EDTA-chelated selenium.
为了解几种常见外源硒肥在作物中的吸收和积累差异，进行了小麦盆栽试验，研究不同硒肥（硒酸钾、亚硒酸钾、乙二胺四乙酸螯合硒、硒粉、粉煤灰和富硒秸秆）在土壤中的有效性变化及其对小麦生长和硒吸收分配的影响。结果表明，不同外源硒类型在土壤中的有效性变化不同。在小麦整个生育期，硒酸钾、亚硒酸钾和乙二胺四乙酸螯合硒处理的土壤有效硒比例分别显著高于对照（CK），但其他处理与CK处理之间无显著差异。在小麦生长前期，硒酸钾、亚硒酸钾和硒粉处理的土壤有效硒比例逐渐降低，在小麦生长后期趋于稳定；然而，其他外源硒处理的土壤有效硒比例呈现前期降低后期升高的动态变化。土壤有效硒含量显著影响小麦对硒的吸收，二者呈显著正相关。施用硒酸钾显著增加了小麦的籽粒和叶片生物量，但其他硒肥对小麦生长无显著影响。不同外源硒肥对小麦的积累能力顺序为：硒酸钾＞亚硒酸钾、乙二胺四乙酸螯合硒＞硒粉、粉煤灰和富硒秸秆。硒粉、粉煤灰和富硒秸秆处理与CK处理之间无显著差异。施用硒酸钾后，硒更容易转移并积累在小麦的茎和叶中，而施用亚硒酸钾和乙二胺四乙酸螯合硒后，硒更容易转移并积累在籽粒中。
