Australian Research Centre in Sex, Health and Society, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Graduate School of Public Health, St Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2023 Apr;53(2):320-333. doi: 10.1111/sltb.12946. Epub 2023 Feb 14.
Correlates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among a large cross-section of trans and gender diverse populations in Australia were examined.
A national survey was conducted that included 1466 trans and gender diverse participants aged 18+ years. Multivariable regressions identified factors associated with recent suicidal ideation and suicide attempts.
Overall, 62.4% reported suicidal ideation and 9.5% suicide attempt in the past 12 months. The likelihood of suicidal ideation was higher for younger participants or those who felt treated unfairly or socially excluded due to their gender identity in the past 12 months. It was lower for those with a postgraduate degree, who felt accepted by family or work, or who felt their gender identity was respected when accessing a mainstream medical clinic in the past 12 months. The likelihood of suicide attempts was greater for those aged younger or who had recently experienced sexual harassment based on their sexual orientation or gender identity, and lower for those who were non-binary.
Urgent attention for suicide prevention is necessary for trans and gender diverse communities. These findings point to a range of risk and protective factors, which may help inform the targeting and design of suicide prevention strategies.
本研究调查了澳大利亚大量跨性别和性别多样化人群中与自杀意念和自杀企图相关的因素。
本研究开展了一项全国性调查，共纳入了 1466 名 18 岁及以上的跨性别和性别多样化参与者。多变量回归分析确定了与近期自杀意念和自杀企图相关的因素。
总体而言，62.4%的参与者报告在过去 12 个月内有自杀意念，9.5%的参与者报告在过去 12 个月内有自杀企图。在过去 12 个月内，年龄较小或因性别认同而感到受到不公正待遇或社会排斥的参与者，自杀意念的可能性更高。而那些具有研究生学历、在过去 12 个月内感到被家庭或工作所接受、或感到在主流医疗诊所就诊时其性别认同受到尊重的参与者，自杀意念的可能性较低。年龄较小或在过去 12 个月内因性取向或性别认同而经历过性骚扰的参与者，自杀企图的可能性更大，而那些非二元性别认同的参与者，自杀企图的可能性较低。
迫切需要关注跨性别和性别多样化群体的自杀预防问题。这些发现指出了一系列风险和保护因素，这可能有助于为自杀预防策略的目标制定和设计提供信息。
