Popelka G R, Mason D I
Central Institute for the Deaf, St. Louis, Missouri.
Ear Hear. 1987 Oct;8(5 Suppl):109S-118S. doi: 10.1097/00003446-198710001-00009.
Speech audibility may be defined as that proportion of a speech spectrum which is above a person's threshold. To optimize speech audibility with a hearing aid, several measures are needed. These include quantification of a speech spectrum, measures of hearing sensitivity, and measures of the "real ear" gain of the hearing aid. Some procedural factors must be considered to obtain adequate measures in a typical clinical setting. Those considered here are: (1) a modified Articulation Index to quantify a speech spectrum, (2) specification of hearing sensitivity with a narrowband sound field reference where the out-of-band rejection rate of the sound field stimulus is greater than twice the slope of the hearing loss, and (3) use of functional gain (measured directly or estimated using earphone and sound field results provided that the sound field stimulus has the required characteristics for measuring hearing sensitivity in the sound field) as a measure of the real ear gain of the hearing aid. Guidelines are given for the practical measurement of speech audibility in a typical clinical setting. The guidelines are appropriate for all measures of real ear gain including those obtained with all probe tube systems.
言语可听度可定义为语音频谱中高于个人阈值的部分所占比例。为了通过助听器优化言语可听度，需要采取多种措施。这些措施包括对语音频谱进行量化、测量听力敏感度以及测量助听器的“真耳”增益。在典型的临床环境中获得充分的测量结果时，必须考虑一些程序因素。这里所考虑的因素有：（1）使用修正的清晰度指数来量化语音频谱；（2）在窄带声场参考下指定听力敏感度，其中声场刺激的带外抑制率大于听力损失斜率的两倍；（3）使用功能增益（直接测量或根据耳机和声场结果估算，前提是声场刺激具有在声场中测量听力敏感度所需的特性）作为助听器真耳增益的一种测量方法。文中给出了在典型临床环境中实际测量言语可听度的指导原则。这些指导原则适用于所有真耳增益的测量方法，包括使用所有探头管系统获得的测量方法。
