Clinica Veterinaria dell'Orologio, Sasso Marconi, Bologna, Italy.
Department of Medical Veterinary Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2023 May;64(3):439-447. doi: 10.1111/vru.13219. Epub 2023 Feb 15.
Ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography (CT) are used to diagnose neoplastic and non-neoplastic focal renal lesions in dogs and cats; however, comparative studies between these two diagnostic tools are lacking. The aim of this retrospective, methods comparison study was to evaluate and compare the performance of US compared to CT in identifying at least one renal nodule in animals with confirmed focal renal lesions. Imaging studies of animals with uni- or bilateral renal nodules smaller than 3 cm that underwent both US and CT and that had a pathologically confirmed diagnosis were reviewed. Animals with renal cysts and infarcts were excluded. Recorded features for both modalities included the following: shape, size, number, localization, margins, renal profile. For CT only, recorded features also included attenuation (HU) and pattern of enhancement. For US only, recorded features also included echogenicity, echostructure, and rate of visibility. Final diagnosis was obtained by cytology or histopathology. Using CT, lesions were identified in all 39 (100%) kidneys of 18 dogs and seven cats. Most lesions were multiple, cortical, well-defined, iso-attenuating (precontrast), hypo-attenuating, and moderately enhancing (postcontrast). Using US, lesions were identified in 29 of 39 (74%) kidneys. Overall, nine (31%) lesions were poorly visible; 10 (26%) kidneys appeared normal; in 17 (59%) organs, lesions' number was underestimated. Isoechoic, non-protruding lesions were difficult to identify by US. Ultrasonography underestimated renal lesions compared to CT in 59% of the kidneys (P = 0.001). Final diagnoses included metastatic disease (n = 16), infiltration by feline lymphoma (n = 4), primary neoplasia (n = 3), and non-neoplastic benign lesions (n = 2).
超声（US）和计算机断层扫描（CT）用于诊断犬猫的肿瘤性和非肿瘤性局灶性肾脏病变；然而，这两种诊断工具之间的比较研究尚缺乏。本回顾性方法比较研究的目的是评估和比较 US 与 CT 识别经病理证实存在局灶性肾脏病变动物中至少一个肾脏结节的性能。对接受 US 和 CT 检查且肾脏结节小于 3cm 的单侧或双侧肾脏病变动物的影像学研究进行了回顾性分析。排除了存在肾囊肿和梗死的动物。两种模态记录的特征包括：形状、大小、数量、定位、边缘、肾脏轮廓。对于 CT，还记录了衰减（HU）和增强模式。对于 US，还记录了回声强度、回声结构和可见度。最终诊断通过细胞学或组织病理学获得。使用 CT，在 18 只犬和 7 只猫的 39 个（100%）肾脏中均发现了病变。大多数病变为多发性、皮质性、边界清楚、等密度（平扫）、低衰减和中度增强（增强后）。使用 US，在 39 个（74%）肾脏中发现了病变。总体而言，9 个（31%）病变难以识别；10 个（26%）肾脏外观正常；在 17 个（59%）器官中，病变数量被低估。等回声、不突出的病变通过 US 难以识别。与 CT 相比，US 低估了 59%的肾脏病变（P=0.001）。最终诊断包括转移性疾病（n=16）、猫传染性淋巴瘤浸润（n=4）、原发性肿瘤（n=3）和非肿瘤性良性病变（n=2）。
