Lv Hua, Zhai Meng-Yuan, Zeng Juan, Zhang Yi-Yang, Zhu Feng, Shen Hui-Mei, Qiu Kun, Gao Bo-Ya, Reynolds Don R, Chapman Jason W, Hu Gao
Department of Entomology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Biological Interactions and Crop Health, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
Glob Chang Biol. 2023 May;29(10):2655-2668. doi: 10.1111/gcb.16636. Epub 2023 Feb 27.
Numerous insects including pests and beneficial species undertake windborne migrations over hundreds of kilometers. In East Asia, climate-induced changes in large-scale atmospheric circulation systems are affecting wind-fields and precipitation zones and these, in turn, are changing migration patterns. We examined the consequences in a serious rice pest, the brown planthopper (BPH, Nilaparvata lugens) in East China. BPH cannot overwinter in temperate East Asia, and infestations there are initiated by several waves of windborne spring or summer migrants originating from tropical areas in Indochina. The East Asian summer monsoon, characterized by abundant rainfall and southerly winds, is of critical importance for these northward movements. We analyzed a 42-year dataset of meteorological parameters and catches of BPH from a standardized network of 341 light-traps in South and East China. We show that south of the Yangtze River during summer, southwesterly winds have weakened and rainfall increased, while the summer precipitation has decreased further north on the Jianghuai Plain. Together, these changes have resulted in shorter migratory journeys for BPH leaving South China. As a result, pest outbreaks of BPH in the key rice-growing area of the Lower Yangtze River Valley (LYRV) have declined since 2001. We show that these changes to the East Asian summer monsoon weather parameters are driven by shifts in the position and intensity of the Western Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) system that have occurred during the last 20 years. As a result, the relationship between WPSH intensity and BPH immigration that was previously used to predict the size of the immigration to the LYRV has now broken down. Our results demonstrate that migration patterns of a serious rice pest have shifted in response to the climate-induced changes in precipitation and wind pattern, with significant consequences for the population management of migratory pests.
包括害虫和益虫在内的众多昆虫都会进行长达数百公里的随风迁徙。在东亚，气候引发的大规模大气环流系统变化正在影响风场和降水区域，进而改变着迁徙模式。我们研究了在中国东部一种严重的水稻害虫——褐飞虱（Nilaparvata lugens）身上所产生的后果。褐飞虱无法在东亚温带地区越冬，该地区的虫害是由几波源自印度支那热带地区的春季或夏季随风迁徙的昆虫引发的。以丰富降雨和南风为特征的东亚夏季风，对这些向北的迁徙至关重要。我们分析了来自中国南部和东部341个标准化诱虫灯网络的42年气象参数数据集以及褐飞虱捕获量。我们发现，夏季长江以南地区，西南风减弱，降雨量增加，而江淮平原以北地区夏季降水量则进一步减少。这些变化共同导致离开中国南方的褐飞虱迁徙路程缩短。因此，自2001年以来，长江下游流域（LYRV）关键水稻种植区的褐飞虱虫害爆发有所减少。我们表明，东亚夏季风天气参数的这些变化是由过去20年中发生的西太平洋副热带高压（WPSH）系统位置和强度的变化所驱动的。结果，以前用于预测迁入LYRV的褐飞虱数量的WPSH强度与褐飞虱迁入之间的关系现已失效。我们的结果表明，一种严重水稻害虫的迁徙模式已因气候引发的降水和风型变化而发生改变，这对迁飞性害虫的种群管理产生了重大影响。
