Saini Amandeep, Chinnadurai Sita, Schuster Jasmin K, Eng Anita, Harner Tom
Air Quality Processes Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario, M3H 5T4, Canada.
Air Quality Processes Research Section, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Toronto, Ontario, M3H 5T4, Canada.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Apr 15;323:121291. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121291. Epub 2023 Feb 14.
The study reports on the atmospheric concentrations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and volatile methyl siloxanes (VMS) measured using sorbent-impregnated polyurethane foam disks (SIPs) passive air samplers. New results are reported for samples collected in 2017, which extends temporal trend information to the period 2009-2017, for 21 sites where SIPs have been deployed since 2009. Among neutral PFAS, fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) had higher concentrations than perfluoroalkane sulfonamides (FOSAs) and perfluoroalkane sulfonamido ethanols (FOSEs) with levels of ND‒228, ND‒15.8, ND‒10.4 pg/m, respectively. Among ionizable PFAS, the sum of perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs) in air were 0.128-781 and 6.85-124 pg/m, respectively. Longer-chain i.e. C-C PFAS, which are relevant to the recent proposal by Canada for a listing of long-chain (C-C) PFCAs to the Stockholm Convention, were also detected in the environment at all site categories including Arctic sites. Cyclic and linear VMS ranged between 1.34‒452 and 0.01-12.1 ng/m, respectively, showing dominance in urban areas. Despite the wide range of levels observed across different site categories, geometric means of the PFAS and VMS groups were fairly similar when grouped according to the five United Nations regions. Variable temporal trends in air (2009-2017) were observed for both PFAS and VMS. PFOS, which has been listed in the Stockholm Convention since 2009, is still showing increasing tendencies at several sites, indicating constant input from direct and/or indirect sources. These new data inform international chemicals management for PFAS and VMS.
该研究报告了使用浸渍吸附剂的聚氨酯泡沫盘（SIP）被动空气采样器测量的全氟和多氟烷基物质（PFAS）及挥发性甲基硅氧烷（VMS）的大气浓度。报告了2017年采集样本的新结果，将时间趋势信息扩展至2009 - 2017年，涵盖自2009年起已部署SIP的21个地点。在中性PFAS中，氟调聚物醇（FTOH）的浓度高于全氟烷磺酰胺（FOSA）和全氟烷磺酰胺基乙醇（FOSE），其水平分别为ND‒228、ND‒15.8、ND‒10.4 pg/m。在可电离PFAS中，空气中全氟烷基羧酸（PFCA）和全氟烷基磺酸（PFSA）的总和分别为0.128 - 781和6.85 - 124 pg/m。与加拿大近期提议将长链（C-C）PFCA列入《斯德哥尔摩公约》相关的长链即C-C PFAS，在包括北极地区在内的所有地点类别环境中也均有检出。环状和线性VMS的范围分别为1.34‒452和0.01 - 12.1 ng/m，在城市地区占主导地位。尽管不同地点类别观测到的水平范围很广，但根据联合国五个区域进行分组时，PFAS和VMS组的几何平均值相当相似。在2009 - 2017年期间，PFAS和VMS在空气中均呈现出不同的时间趋势。自2009年起已被列入《斯德哥尔摩公约》的全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS），在几个地点仍呈上升趋势，表明存在来自直接和/或间接来源的持续输入。这些新数据为PFAS和VMS的国际化学品管理提供了信息。
